Module 2 Flashcards
Pest control was based on ___, and so they offer dances.
- 10,000 BC
- superstition
Earliest record of pest technology such as the use of _______ as insecticide by _____
- 2,500 BC
- sulfur
- Ancient Sumerians.
Both the Egyptians and Chinese used insecticides formulated ____ and ___ for protection of seeds and stored grains.
- PRE-BIBLICAL TIMES
- herbs
- oils
Recognition of phenology as a science leading to the principle of timely planting of crops.
300 BC
The Chinese discovered ____ and used _____ on citrus to reduce pest infestations.
- natural enemies
- ants
Use of tobacco infusions, herb infusions and arsenic begun
1600’s
Expansion of Agriculture; Reaumur published the importance of temperature summation in determining insect phenology.
1700’s
This idea was used two centuries later to predict insect events and determine timing of pest control activities. Concept of plant resistance was advanced for the Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor, in the US Botanical pesticides were rediscovered.
1700’s
Imperial Expansion and developing technology led to countries sending citizens and materials into other countries which led to PEST OUTBREAKS, installation of quarantines and inspections. e.g. China to USA, San Jose Scale, Quadraspidiotus pernicious; e.g. USA to Europe, Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata
1800’s
Rapid development of insecticide application Vermorel, a French company claimed to have invented the first commercial sprayer in 1880.
1800’s to early 1900’s
Rapid development of insecticide application _____ , a French company claimed to have invented the ______
- Vermorel
- first commercial sprayer in 1880.
DDT (Dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane) was developed by a graduate student, Othmar Zeidler (1837) and discovered its insecticidal property, as moth proofing agent; Dr. Paul Muller of
• Geigy Corporation examined DDT.
1939-1962
DDT stans for ?
(Dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane)
DDT (Dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane) was developed by a graduate student ______
Othmar Zeidler
DDT (Dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane) was developed by what year ?
1837
DDT (Dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane) was developed by a graduate student, Othmar Zeidler (1837) and discovered its insecticidal property, as______
moth proofing agent
Pest control concept by Vernon M. Stern
Integrated Control emerged (a.k.a. compatible)
1950’s
Pest management emerged with roots on earlier theories of biological control.
• Integrated control was practiced involving the use of insecticides to preserve biocon agents.
• Pest management includes basic population theory which is holistic in approach.
• Control and management were terminologies that meant
“power over something like insecticides” and “reduction to tolerable levels”
1960’s
Integrated control was practiced involving the use of insecticides to preserve _____
biocon agents.
Pest management includes basic population theory which is ______
holistic in approach.
___________ were terminologies that meant
“power over something like insecticides” and “reduction to tolerable levels”
Control and management
The book by Rachel Carson, “Silent Spring” was published in year ?
1962
The book by _______ , “Silent Spring” was published.
Rachel Carson
US IPM formulated into national IPM
Banning of DDT
1972
_______ an organism that causes ecological or economic harm in a new environment where it is not native.
Invasive Species
What are the INVASIVE SPECIES IN THE PHILIPPINES?
Big Headed Ant
Fire Ant
Jumping Plant Lice
Leatminer
Rice Black Bug
Spiralling Whitefly
Mealybug
Golden Apple Snail
American Cockroach
Potato Cyst Nematode
this form of control uses natural interactions between different species to limit the abundance of an invasive species.
Biological Control
This form of control involves the physical or mechanical removal of invasive species (e.g. removal by hand, air drying or using equipment/machinery)
Physical/Mechanical Control
This form of control uses chemical solutions to actively reduce the growth or abundance of invasive species.
Chemical Control
What are the Management of Invasive Species?
Biological Control
Physical/Mechanical Control
Chemical Control
SN of Big Headed Ant?
Pheidole megacephalus
SN of Fire Ant
Solenopsis invicta
SN of Jumping Plant Lice
Heterophytta cubana
SN of Leafminer
Liriomyza sp.
SN of Rice Black Bug
Scontiniphora coarctata
SN of Spiralling Whitefly
Aleurodicus dispeures
SN of Mealybug
Pseudococcus sp.
SN of Golden Apple Snail
Pomacea canaliculata
SN of American Cockroach
Periplaneta americana
