Physical and Emotional Factors that Affect Communication Flashcards
What does the American Counseling Association say about avoiding burnout?
Avoid burnout by knowing our strengths and weaknesses and playing to them
Bring variety into our work
What are some other things we can do to avoid burnout?
Know what time of day you are freshest
Take breaks to go outside—even two minutes
Exercise—even walking is good
Colleagues to let off steam with (your family gets tired of hearing it!)
Small journal—let off steam
Take time for fun, recreation
Remember: We don’t always have to fix things or provide a solution
Sleep
Alone Time
Make your physical environment as nice as possible
If you need professional help yourself, get some—especially for short-term emergencies
In terms of religion, what may you encounter in your clinical practice?
Some groups may not believe in intervention or rehab
Some clients may seek/prefer alternative forms of healing
In terms of gender, what may you encounter in your clinical practice?
women apologize more than men; this can make women look weak
Women take up less space than men; women appear restricted, powerless, and not confident
Men take up more space than women, increases their image of power and confidence
Women smile and nod more than men
Too much smiling and nodding make women appear weak and like we are trying too hard to please—look like we need approval
What do women tend to use too much of when they speak?
use more boosters than men
Many women soften their speech with hedgers—appear uncertain—avoiding sounding too sure of ourselves
“Perhaps, somewhat, possibly, sort of, kind of
this makes us seem indecisive and depend on others’ approval
What’s wrong with using disclaimers?
Be careful of disclaimers… “I could be wrong here, but…” “This may sound silly, but…” “ I hate to be a bother, but” “I don’t know much about this, but….”
The bummer: Men who use disclaimers appear more sensitive and caring and other-oriented! Women appear weak
What does Dr. Deborah Tannen say about gender roles?
Women feel they need to give the gift of listening
Men: give the gift of information
Women see themselves as facilitators of conversation; men see themselves as information providers
Men are often willing to give information but may be reluctant to seek and accept it
Many men enjoy confrontation where there is a winner and a loser
Women tend to end utterances with upward inflections and tag questions—appear uncertain and less intelligent
Women tend to use many feeling words “I feel, I think, I believe that….”
It is more powerful to leave these out
women tend to face their conversational partners and give verbal and nonverbal feedback
Men often look around the room, don’t face their partners, and make fleeting eye contact
What does Owens (2016) say about gender differences in a conversation?
People are more likely to interrupt a woman than a man
Women relinquish conversational turns more frequently
In male-female conversations, 36% of woman-initiated topics become focus of attention
In contrast, 96% of male-introduced topics are sustained
“The communication behaviors of men and women reflect the traditional status of women within our society. As in other cultures, words associated with masculinity are judged to be better or more positive than those associated with femininity…Traditionally, the behaviors to which they are expected to conform deny women interactional control and send a devaluing message.”
When working with older clients, what are some things we may encounter?
Clients from some cultures may resist the advice of a young SLP
Use titles
Remember; many not been trained to spill their guts—hard to talk about feelings
We may need to corroborate information with a family to ensure accuracy
watch for fatigue
possible vision and hearing problems
What does Haynes & Pindzola (2012) about older clients?
older clients may have more difficulty focusing on a task
possible short term memory problems
We may need to patiently explain things in detail several times
When making appointments, keep traffic hours in mind
Older clients may feel useless and discarded by society
If they have neurological impairments, family will want to talk about what they were like before
“Since many older clients tend to feel useless and discarded in our youth-oriented culture and resentful that their bodies are betraying them, we may find it important to spend some time listening to their memories of past achievements.
Older clients should be treated with respect….the number of people over age 60 comprises a significant proportion of the population.”
don’t know how to word this…
Older women especially have not been socialized to be assertive, they often relied on husbands for things like finances, driving; men have made decisions
…
T/F
Older clients are less religious than older ones
FALSE
they are more religious
Describe the Dark et.al. study in australia (about older people)
Interviewed 20 Australian older adults with cerebral palsy and complex communication needs (e.g., AAC users)
In old age, multiple, gradual, and cumulative losses occur so frequently that there may be insufficient time to grieve each one
Many older people have: •Limited support systems •Poor health •Decreased mobility •Isolation
Dark et. al., study: What do older people with lifelong disabilities experience?
changing caregivers
loss of physical functioning
loss of role fulfillment (e.g., being a spouse, parent, valued member of society)
Dark et.al. study: What helped with older people who have lifelong disabilities?
Communicating with an empathetic listener
Time and opportunity to discuss loss and to be involved in socially acceptable rituals of grieving
Having access to an appropriate means of communication (e.g., AAC)
What should we keep in mind in terms of time?
Remember that time is culturally relative
If you are late, it is upsetting. Apologize, briefly give a reason, and move on.
How can we keep in mind social justice issues for CLD clients?
if we are counseling CLD students and their families in school, we must be sure that all programs (e.g., GATE) are accessible
Be aware of older CLD clients’ issues like not speaking English or lacking money or transportation
What are some things to keep in mind about about working with CLD clients and them showing their emotions..?
Many CLD clients do not expect to show emotion in front of you
They want SPECIFIC STRATEGIES not hand-held and encouraged to show emotion
Some CLD adults will have experienced racism and/or social injustice; a cultural mediator can be helpful
