Physical and Chemical properties 1

Question 1

what does chemical polarity refer to

Answer 1

seperation of electrical charges

Question 2

why is it unique for water to have a high boiling point and low freezing point

Answer 2

it has low molecular weight

Question 3

what kind of reaction is liquid to gas

Answer 3

endothermic

Question 4

if a molecule has strong intermolecular forces what can be said about its vapour pressure

Answer 4

lower

Question 5

when does something boil

Answer 5

when vapour pressure exceeds atmospheric

Question 6

which alcohol becomes insoluble in water

Answer 6

butanol
-too long of a carbon chain

Question 7

are sugars more or less soluble at high temperatures?

Answer 7

more soluble

Question 8

name the colligative properties

Answer 8

BP
melting point
water activity
vapour pressure

Question 9

what is molarity

Answer 9

number of moles of solute / L of solution

Question 10

what is molality

Answer 10

mass or volume of solute/ mass or volume of solution

Question 11

why is molality more advantageous than molarity?

Answer 11

it is independent of temperature

Question 12

equation that gives the equilibrium vapour pressure of an ideal solution

Answer 12

raoults law

Question 13

what other colligative property can raoults law be used to calculate

Answer 13

water activity

Question 14

what happens to the vapour pressure of a solution when a substance is added

Answer 14

vapour pressure decreases

Question 15

what is the mole fraction

Answer 15

number of moles in the solvent

Question 16

what is the relative lowering of vapour pressure of a dilute solution of nonvolatile solutes equal to

Answer 16

mole fraction of the solution

Question 17

how does the addition of substrate to solution affect water activity?

Answer 17

decreases

Question 18

where do phase boundries move on a phase diagram when solutes are added

Answer 18

right

Question 19

adding a solute will (3)

Answer 19

-decrease the melting point
-increase bp
-decrease vapour pressure

Question 20

when do liquids boil

Answer 20

when the vapour pressure above the liquid is higher than atmospheric pressure

Question 21

what does adding salt to water mean for cooking foods

Answer 21

they can be cooked at a higher pressure

Question 22

use of saline solutions in food industry

Answer 22

refrigerant in products like paddle pops

Question 23

how do the number of solutes affect ice cream

Answer 23

determine the amount of frozen ice at a given temperature

Question 24

what happens to the solute concentration during freezing in ice cream

Answer 24

becomes more concentrated at the water turns to ice. concentrate is called the serum phase

Question 25

types of solutes in ice cream

Answer 25

MSNF (milk solid on fat) sugar