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PHYSCI REVIEWER Flashcards

1
Q
  1. What practical value did astronomy offer to ancient civilizations?
    A. It helped them understand our cosmic origins.
    B. It allowed them to predict eclipses with great accuracy.
    C. It helped them find uses for ancient structures like Stonehenge.
    D. It helped them keep track of time and seasons, and it was used by some cultures for navigation.
A

D. It helped them keep track of time and seasons, and it was used by some cultures for navigation.

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2
Q
  1. The Ancient Greeks such as Aristotle and Ptolemy believed that:
    A. The Earth is the center of the universe.
    B. The Sun is the center of the universe.
    C. The Sun and Earth shares the same position in the universe.
    D. The Earth is found in one focal point in the universe.
A

A. The Earth is the center of the universe.

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3
Q
  1. How did Eratosthenes estimate the size of Earth in 240 B.C.?
    A. by observing the duration of a solar eclipse
    B. by measuring the size of Earth’s shadow on the Moon in a lunar eclipse
    C. by comparing the maximum altitude of the Sun in two cities at different latitudes
    D. by sending fleets of ships around Earth
A

C. by comparing the maximum altitude of the Sun in two cities at different latitudes

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4
Q
  1. Which of the following describes the position of the North Star if you go nearer the equator?
    A. Closer to the horizon
    B. Farther away from the horizon.
    C. The North Star is fixed wherever you are on the Earth.
A

A. Closer to the horizon

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5
Q
  1. Which of the following can be observed of a cruising ship if the Earth is a flat disc?
    A. It will shrink then only the sail will be visible until it completely disappears.
    B. It will become bigger and bigger.
    C. It will not change its size.
    D. It will become smaller and smaller until it disappears.
A

D. It will become smaller and smaller until it disappears.

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6
Q
  1. How did the 16th and 17th centuries contribute to modern astronomy?
    A. Black holes were first discovered
    B. A scientific revolution was taking place
    C. An apple fell on Isaac Newton’s head, leading him to discover gravity
    D. The telescope was invented
A

D. The telescope was invented

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7
Q
  1. Any theory of the structure of the solar system (or the universe) in which Earth is assumed to be at the center of it all.
A

A. Geocentrism
B. Heliocentrism
C. Solstice
D. Eclipse

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8
Q
  1. Any theory of the structure of the solar system (or the universe) in which Sun is assumed to be at the center of it all.
    A. Geocentrism
    B. Heliocentrism
    C. Solstice
    D. Eclipse
A

B. Heliocentrism

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9
Q
  1. Which of the following is the exact shape of the Earth?
    A. Flat
    B. Round
    C. Spherical
    D. Oblate Spheroid
A

D. Oblate Spheroid

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9
Q
  1. Eudoxus is famous for this view of the Universe:
    A. Earth is the center and surrounded by “spheres that contains the different celestial object
    B. Sun is the center and surrounded by “spheres” that contains the different celestial objects
    C. Both Sun and the Earth are at the center and surrounded by “spheres” that contains the different celestial objects
    D. None of the statement above discusses his idea.
A

A. Earth is the center and surrounded by “spheres that contains the different celestial object

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10
Q
  1. What is responsible for night and day on Earth?
    A. The 23-degree angle of the north and south poles
    B. The movement of Earth on its axis
    C. The revolution around the sun.
    D. The tilting of the Earth on its axis
A

B. The movement of Earth on its axis

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11
Q
  1. What movement of the Earth gives us our yearly calendar?
    A. The movement of the earth on its axis
    B. The revolution around the Sun
    C. The monthly movement of the moon around the earth
    D. The tilting of the Earth on its axis
A

B. The revolution around the Sun

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11
Q
  1. A solar eclipse can be observed on earth when
    A. the moon is exactly between the sun and the earth
    B. the earth is exactly between the sun and the moon
    C. the sun is on the ecliptic
    D. the moon’s orbit is parallel to the ecliptic plane
A

A. the moon is exactly between the sun and the earth

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12
Q
  1. Half of the illuminated disk of the Moon is visible from Earth during the phase of the Moon.
    A. first-quarter
    B. full Moon
    C. gibbous (waning)
    D. gibbous (waxing)
A

A. first-quarter

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12
Q
  1. A lunar eclipse can be observed on earth when
    A. the moon is exactly between the sun and the earth
    B. the earth is exactly between the sun and the moon
    C. the sun is on the ecliptic
    D. the moon’s orbit is parallel to the ecliptic plane
A

B. the earth is exactly between the sun and the moon

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12
Q
  1. Either of the two times in the year, the summer solstice and the winter solstice, when the sun reaches its highest or lowest point in the sky at noon, marked by the longest and shortest days.
    A. Geocentrism
    B. Heliocentrism
    C. Solstice
    D. Eclipse
A

C. Solstice

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13
Q
  1. Even before the advent of the telescopes, ancient astronomers were able to observe the following except:
    A. Rising and setting of the Sun in the east and the west
    B. Point where the Sun rises and sets in the horizon varies in a year
    C. Phases of the moon
    D. Planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Earth, Jupiter, and Saturn
A

D. Planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Earth, Jupiter, and Saturn

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13
Q
  1. The location of the Earth’s orbit where it is farthest from the sun is called the:
    A. aphelion
    B. perihelion
    C. winter solstice
    D. summer solstice
A

A. aphelion

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13
Q
  1. Which philosopher studied the phases of the moon?
    A. Eudoxus
    B. Anaxagoras
    C. Ptolemy
    D. Aristarchus
A

B. Anaxagoras

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14
Q
  1. Which of the ff. is the correct timeline for the birth of modern astronomy?
    A. Copernicus, Brahe, Kepler, Galileo, Newton
    B. Ptolemy, Copernicus, Brahe, Kepler, Galileo
    C. Copernicus, Brahe, Kepler, Newton, Galileo,
    D. Ptolemy. Brahe, Kepler, Galileo, Newton
A

A. Copernicus, Brahe, Kepler, Galileo, Newton

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14
Q
  1. He placed physical understanding on a deeper level by deducing a law of gravity and three general laws of motion that apply to all objects.
    A. Johannes Kepler
    B. Isaac Newton
    C. Galileo Galilei
    D. Tycho Brahe
A

B. Isaac Newton

14
Q
  1. The sun and the stars seem to go in circles in the sky in 24 hours. Which is the proper term for this observation?
    A. Diurnal motion
    B. Annual motion
    C. Solstice
    D. Equinox
A

A. Diurnal motion

14
Q
  1. The position of various constellations change all throughout the year because of
    A. Diurnal motion
    B. Annual motion
    C. Solstice
    D. Equinox
A

B. Annual motion

15
Q
  1. The great contribution of Tycho Brahe was to
    A. observe planetary positions with sufficient accuracy so that Kepler could later use the data to discover the laws of planetary motion.
    B. discover four moons orbiting Jupiter, thereby lending strong support to the idea that the
    Earth is not the center of the universe.
    C. offer the first detailed model of a Sun-centered solar system, thereby beginning the process of overturning the Earth-centered model of the Greeks.
    D. discover that planets orbit the Sun in elliptical orbits with varying speed.
A

A. observe planetary positions with sufficient accuracy so that Kepler could later use the data to discover the laws of planetary motion.

15
Q
  1. Which characteristics of the planets in our solar system is represented by X?
    A. Mass
    B. Density
    C. Eccentricity of orbit
    D. Period of rotation
A

C. Eccentricity of orbit

16
Q
  1. Which of the following cannot be contributed to Galileo’s work in modern astronomy?
    A. Discovered craters and mountains on the Moon.
    B. Observed that around Jupiter traveled four moons. C. Revealed that the Milky Way is composed of myriads of stars.
    D. Performed the analysis of planetary orbits.
A

D. Performed the analysis of planetary orbits.

16
Q
  1. Which of the following is not one of, nor follows directly from, Kepler’s laws?
    A. The orbit of each planet about the Sun is an ellipse with the Sun at one focus. B. BAs a planet moves around its orbit, it sweeps out equal areas in equal times.
    C. The force of attraction between any two objects decreases with the square of the distance between their centers.
    D. All above are correct.
A

C. The force of attraction between any two objects decreases with the square of the distance between their centers.

17
Q
  1. The calculated eccentricity of this orbit is approximately:
    A. 0.2
    B. 0.4
    C. 0.6
    D. 0.8
A

A. 0.2

17
Q
  1. The gravitational attraction between the star and the planet will be greatest at position
    A. A
    B. B
    C. C
    D. D
A

A. A

17
Q
  1. As the planet revolves in its orbit from position A to position D, the orbital velocity will
    A. continually decrease
    B. continually increase
    C. decrease then increase
    D. increase then decrease
A

C. decrease then increase

17
Q
  1. Kepler’s third law, T2 a3, means that
    A. a planet’s period depends on the eccentricity of its orbit.
    B. all orbits with the same semi-minor axis have the same period.
    C. the period of a planet depends on its mass.
    D. all above are correct
A

D. all above are correct

18
Q
  1. A box sliding on the floor slowly stops. Why is this so?
    A. There was a force that impeded the sliding box.
    B. The applied force from the pusher disappeared.
    C. The resistive force from the floor is equal to the applied force.
    D. The boxes are usually made of earth, so the box, being a heavy element, stops.
A

A. There was a force that impeded the sliding box.

18
Q
  1. From Kepler’s third law, a hypothetical planet that is twice as far from the Sun as Earth should have a period of
    A. 1/2 Earth year.
    B. 1 Earth year.
    C. 2 Earth years.
    D. more than 2 Earth years.
A

D. more than 2 Earth years.

19
Q
  1. Kepler’s second law, which states that as a planet moves around its orbit it sweeps out
    equal areas in equal times, means that
    A) a planet travels faster when it is nearer to the Sun and slower when it is farther from the Sun.
    B) a planet’s period does not depend on the eccentricity of its orbit.
    C) planets that are farther from the Sun move at slower average speeds than nearer planets.
    D) the period of a planet does not depend on its mass.
A

A) a planet travels faster when it is nearer to the Sun and slower when it is farther from the Sun.

19
Q
  1. Which of the following statements about an ellipse is not true?
    A. The focus of an ellipse is always located precisely at the center of the ellipse.
    B. A circle is considered to be a special type of ellipse.
    C. The semimajor axis of an ellipse is half the length of the longest line that you can draw across an ellipse.
    D. An ellipse with a large eccentricity looks much more elongated (stretched out) than an ellipse with a small eccentricity.
A

A. The focus of an ellipse is always located precisely at the center of the ellipse.

19
Q
  1. If the object encountered a resistive force from a fluid equal or greater than its weight,
    it will
    A. have a uniform motion
    B. accelerate
    C. disappear
    D. slow down
A

D. slow down

19
Q
  1. A planet is in orbit as shown below. Locate a possible location for the sun.
    A. A
    B. B
    C. C
    D. D
A

B. B or D. D (Unsure Answer)

20
Q
  1. Which of the following does Galileo believe about motion?
    A. A violent motion is caused by an external force.
    B. Objects will continue to be in uniform motion if unimpeded.
    C. Objects move because of their elemental composition.
    D. Heavier objects fall faster than lighter objects if there is no resistance.
A

B. Objects will continue to be in uniform motion if unimpeded.

20
Q
  1. According to Galileo, an object in uniform motion will travel a distance that is proportional to
    A. time
    B. acceleration
    C. velocity
    D. speed
A

A. time

20
Q
  1. A metal ball dropped in a pool went down slowly. This means that the resistive force on the ball is
    I. equal to its weight
    II. less than its weight
    III. greater than its weight
    IV. equal to zero
    A. I and III
    B. II and IV
    C. II and III
    D. All of the above
A

A. I and III

20
Q
  1. Which of the following agrees with Galileo’s view of motion?
    A. A flying baseball has both uniform motion and uniformly accelerating motion.
    B. A box will stop sliding in a frictionless plane if the applied force is removed.
    C. A balloon rises because it is mostly air, and the sky is its natural place.
    D. An iron ball will always fall faster than a rubber ball.
A

A. A flying baseball has both uniform motion and uniformly accelerating motion.

21
Q
  1. Which of the following agrees with Galileo’s view of motion?
    A. A feather will be as fast as an iron ball if dropped in a vacuum.
    B. If a 10-kg boulder is dropped to the sea, it will stop midway. C. Planets revolve around the Sun because of a Prime Mover.
    D. Smoke rises because the sky is its natural place.
A

A. A feather will be as fast as an iron ball if dropped in a vacuum.

21
Q
  1. Which of the following is true about the projectile of an arrow when shot?
    A. It has a continuous applied force from the person who shot the arrow. B. It creates a vacuum that sucks air in, and the air pushes the arrow.
    C. It rises because arrows are mostly air.
    D. It has both uniform motion and uniformly accelerating motion.
A

D. It has both uniform motion and uniformly accelerating motion.

21
Q
  1. According to Galileo’s view, which will reach the floor of the vacuum chamber first, a sheet of paper or a bowling ball?
    A. The bowling ball will reach the vacuum chamber.
    B. The sheet of paper will reach the vacuum chamber.
    C. They will reach the floor at the same time.
    D. They will not reach the floor and will be sucked in the vacuum.
A

C. They will reach the floor at the same time.

22
Q
  1. Terminal velocity is the maximum velocity that an object could travel when it is falling with air resistance. When an object is at terminal velocity, its velocity becomes constant. Which Galilean concept helps explains this?
    A. The object’s traveled distance depends on the time.
    B. An external force is not necessary to maintain the movement of the object.
    C. Due to a resistive force, an object slows down and reaches a uniform motion.
    D. Any object will fall at the same rate.
A

C. Due to a resistive force, an object slows down and reaches a uniform motion.

22
Q
  1. Three objects X, Y, and Z, with masses of 6 kg, 8 kg, and 16 kg respectively, were dropped simultaneously. Provided that there is no air resistance which object will first reach the ground?
    A. X since it is the lightest
    B. Z since it is the heaviest
    C. Y since its mass is in the middle of the other two
    D. All will reach the ground at the same time.
A

D. All will reach the ground at the same time.

22
Q
  1. At the beginning, before the ball was released from the inclined ramp, what would be its speed?
    A. 0 m/s
    B. 2 m/s
    C. 3 m/s
    D. 4 m/s
A

A. 0 m/s

22
Q
  1. What will you expect to happen once the ball was released and allowed to roll on the ramp?
    A. It will accelerate
    B. It will stop in the middle of the ramp
    C. It will go back to the top of the ramp
    D. Its speed will be the same all throughout its travel
A

A. It will accelerate

22
Q
  1. Once the ball reached the ground and rolling friction influenced it, what will happen?
    A. It will still move
    B. It will go back to the top
    C. It will eventually stop
    D. It will speed up and slowed down after.
A

C. It will eventually stop

23
Q
  1. In the given image above, when friction is neglected, what would happen to the height of the movement of the ball?
    A. It will move with the same height it was released
    B. It will move a bit lower when the ball was released
    C. It will move to the middle of the container and stop there
    D. It will double the height compared to when it was released
A

A. It will move with the same height it was released

Reviewers (7 decks)

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