Phys: Regulation Of Blood Pressure(pointed Out) Flashcards
Normal blood pressure levels
Systolic: less than 120
Diastolic: less than 80
Elevated blood pressure levels
Systolic:120-129
Diastolic:less than 80
High blood presssure stage 1 levels:
Systolic:130-139
Diastolic:80-89
High blood pressure stage 2 levels:
Systolic: 140 or higher
Diastolic: 90 or higher
Hypertensive crisis levels:
Systolic:higher than 180
Diastolic: higher than 120
Hypertensive emergency levels and signs:
-Hypertensive crisis levels
-acute end-organ damage signs
What are acute end-organ signs?
Papilledema, retinal hermorages and exudates, stroke, encephalopathy, CAD, LVH, HF, atrial fibrillation
What is the BP formula?
cardiac output times total peripheral resistance
Intermediate regulation of blood pressure mechanism?
Renin angiotensin aldosterone system
Long term regulation of blood pressure mechanism?
Kidney regulation of sodium and water
What are the two important mechanisms for blood regulation?
Renin angiotensin aldosterone system and baroceptor reflex
Where are baroreceptors located?
In aorta wall
What nerve do the afferent baroreceptors use?
Glossopharyngeal
The efferent nerves for baroreceptors use what nerve?
Vagus
Carotid massage results in?
-Bradycardia
-Hypotension
-sometimes syncope
Angiotensin 2 is a potent _______.
Vasoconstrictor
Kidney regulation of sodium and water is a ____ feedback loop.
Negative
Chemorecpetors are chemosensitive cells that are sensitive to…
Oxygen lack, CO2 excess, or H ion express
Chemoreceptors are not stimulated until pressure falls…
Below 80 mm Hg
Cerebral ischemia causes an increase in..
CO2 pressure
Increasing CO2 pressure decreases what two things?
Pressure of O2 and pH
CNS ischemic response is not activated until pressure falls below ____.
60mm Hg
The greatest activation of CNS ischemic response happens when pressure falls to _______.
15-20mm Hg
An important response to severe hemorrhage is..
Hypotension
Atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natiuretic peptide increase..
Fluid loss
