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Part 1 > Phys Mem Jogger > Flashcards

Phys Mem Jogger Flashcards

1
Q

Among others, this hormones is responsible for anti-obesity?

A

Leptin

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2
Q

Pathway for energy production in RBC?

A

Anaerobic glyolysis

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3
Q

Within myelinated neurons, the action potential occurs at WOTF?

A

Node of ranvier

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4
Q

Function of myelin sheath in nerves?

A

Insulation

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5
Q

What increases gastric motility?

A

Gastrin

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6
Q

Majority of O2 is transported as?

A

Oxyhemoglobin

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7
Q

WOTF is located within medulla of kidney?

A

Loop of Henle

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8
Q

WOTF is most common mucous producing cells through out entire GI tract?

A

Goblet cell

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9
Q

Secretion of intrinsic factor from parietal cells is necessary for absorption of?

A

B12

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10
Q

Microvilli are most numerous in WOTF areas of the kidney?

A

PCT

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11
Q

Which area of the kidney has the highest rate of metabolic activity

A

PCT

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12
Q

When a muscle membrane potential goes from -70 to -80, WOTF will happen?

A

Hyperpolarization

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13
Q

WOTF comes from the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal gland?

A

Mineralocorticoids

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14
Q

WOTF will cause a shift to the left of the Hb saturation curve?

A

inc pH, inc CO, or dec temp

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15
Q

WOTF prevents your arm from flying up when you drop a weight?

A

Negative stretch

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16
Q

WOTF is most abundant plasma protein in the body?

A

Albumin

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17
Q

WOTF causes gallbladder contraction?

A

Cholecystokinin

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18
Q

The thyroid gland is responsible for uptake of what? WOTF is selectively and actively accumulated by the thyroid?

A

Iodine

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19
Q

Among other things, this is responsible for edema?

A

Inc hydrostatic pressure

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20
Q

The following is an example of a symptom that commonly occurs in patients with hypothyroidism?

A

Cold intolerance

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21
Q

Fastest firing in the heart?

A

SA node

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22
Q

Normal conduction pathway in the heart?

A

SA, AV, Bundle of His, Perkinje

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23
Q

What are derived from megakaryocyte?

A

Platelets

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24
Q

When you have excess of GH in an adult, what is it called?

A

Acromegaly

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25
Q

Hemochromatosis is an accumulation of?

A

Fe

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26
Q

When you perform spirometry, what are you measuring (know all not just this one item)?

A

Vital capacity

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27
Q

WOTF is responsible for normal rhythm of the heart?

A

SA node

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28
Q

After forced expiration, which volume remains in the lung?

A

Residual volume

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29
Q

WOTF solutions would cause cell lysis?

A

Hypotonic

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30
Q

Membrane becomes 75% more permeable to Na, what occurs?

A

Depolarization

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31
Q

WOTF is a specialized portion of the sarcolemma of a skeletal muscle fiber surrounding the terminal end of a motor nerve?

A

Motor end plate

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32
Q

WOTF is responsible for the formation of the corpus luteum?

A

LH

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33
Q

WOTF hormones is responsible for the gonadotropin surge?

A

Estrogen

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34
Q

WOTF is responsible for Na reabsorption by the kidney?

A

Aldosterone

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35
Q

WOTF areas do you find angiotensin converting enzymes?

A

Lung

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36
Q

WOTF terminates in posterior pit?

A

Supra optic nerve (ADH) and paraventricular nerve (Oxytocin)

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37
Q

WOTF is an intrafusal muscle fiber?

A

Muscle spindle

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38
Q

If you have baroreceptor stimulation, WOTF would occur? Also would have decreased sympathetic activity

A

Inc vagal stimulation of the heart

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39
Q

What type of adrenergic eceptor do you see in the heart?

A

Beta-adrenergic

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40
Q

Minimum current needed to have an action potential?

A

Rheobase

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41
Q

If you have glucose in your urine, what’s responsible for it?

A

You exceed your transport max for glucose

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42
Q

WOTF does ACH act upon?

A

Nicotinic and muscarinic receptors

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43
Q

What’s the sight for the greatest absorption of macro nutrients in to the body?

A

Small intestine

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44
Q

What part of the stomach will create the greatest contraction?

A

Body

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45
Q

WOTF is required for protein and enzyme digestion?

A

Hydrochloric acid

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46
Q

If this mineral is not present in the heart, the action potential will not occur

A

Na+

47
Q

WOTF is responsible for hyperpolarization?

A

K+

48
Q

Histamine is similar to?

A

Bradykinin

49
Q

WOTF areas contains a chemosensitive receptor that’s vital for respiration?

A

Medulla oblongata

50
Q

WOTF is responsible for re-establishing resting membrane potential?

A

Na/K pump

51
Q

WOTF is most readily available form of energy?

A

ATP

52
Q

Point of central vision?

A

Fovea centralis

53
Q

What is easily passed thru the kidney?

A

Inulin

54
Q

If the sterocilia move toward the kinocilium then _____ occurs and if it moves away from kinocilium then _____ occurs?

A

Depol, hyperpol

55
Q

WOTF has a constant blood flow during times of stress?

A

Heart

56
Q

WOTF contains both humeral and natural immunity?

A

Complement cascade

57
Q

At what point does isovolumetric concentration occur?

A

Close AV valve

58
Q

WOTF is needed for milk letdown and uterine contr?

A

Oxytocin

59
Q

In the kidney, H+ that’s excreted into urine binds with (among other things)?

A

Ammonia

60
Q

Protein digestion begins in WOTF areas?

A

Stomach

61
Q

WOTF areas is responsible for the release of Ca+?

A

Sarcoplasmic retriculum

62
Q

In terms of actin and myosin, cross bridge formation to allow for muscle contr will not occur if WOTF is absent?

A

Ca++

63
Q

In the absence of direct innervation, which muscle type will be capable of contraction?

A

Single unit smooth muscle, Cardiac

64
Q

WOTF conditions occur due to deficiency of both protein and calories?

A

Marasmus

65
Q

Body’s response to metabolic alkalosis is?

A

Dec ventilation (more basic)

66
Q

Among other things, what increases GFR?

A

Increased hydrostatic pressure of glomerulus

67
Q

If blood is backing up in the left atrium, which valve is affected?

A

Bicuspid

68
Q

Where is melatonin produced or stored?

A

Pineal gland

69
Q

WOTF most effectively causes loss of body heat when compared to ambient heat?

A

Radiation

70
Q

WOTF neurotransmitter is released at a somatic neuromuscular junction?

A

Ach

71
Q

NT molecules are released at nerve cell endings due to ______ ions?

A

Ca++

72
Q

WOTF is transported in the lymphatic system?

A

Chylomicrons

73
Q

An increase in thyroid hormone can be the result of (among other things)?

A

Graves dx (inc fat metabolism)

74
Q

A lower motor neuron extends from _____ to _____?

A

Spinal cord, effector

75
Q

When exercising a muscle, WOTF does NOT cause the muscle to shorten during contraction?

A

Isometric

76
Q

Where is erythropoietin made?

A

80% in kidney, 20% in liver

77
Q

Amount of air left in the lungs after maximal forceful expiration is called _____ volume?

A

Residual

78
Q

Pacinian corpuscles are stimulated by?

A

Insignificant vibration

79
Q

WOTF has the smallest volume?

A

TV

80
Q

Vital capacity is equal to?

A

IC+ERV

81
Q

Amount of air left in lungs after forceful expiration?

A

RV

82
Q

WOTF have the greatest resistance in peripherals?

A

Arterioles

83
Q

PO2 is greater in the pulmonary veins than the PO2 of?

A

Left atrium

84
Q

Greatest % of filtered H2O is reabsorbed in?

A

PCT

85
Q

The following substance (among others) is not a catecholamine?

A

ACh

86
Q

Which hormone is responsible for milk production?

A

Prolactin

87
Q

What is the function of an inhibitory NT?

A

Open K+ channel or Activate CL- channel

88
Q

What hormone is involved in the initiation of spermatogenesis?

A

Testosterone, FSH,LH

89
Q

Chloride shift is in response to?

A

Bicarbonate efflux

90
Q

WOTF is resp for reducing peripheral arterial pressure?

A

Decreased sympathetic

91
Q

The descending pain modular system specifically inhibits WOTF?

A

Internal C fibers in dorsal horn, substantia gelatinosa

92
Q

The role of troponin-tropomyosin complex in skeletal muscle is to?

A

Inhibit cross bridge formation

93
Q

The Hering-Breuer reflex is initiated by WOTF?

A

Stretch receptors in lungs and bronchioles

94
Q

Most difficult aspect of breathing to overcome?

A

Elastic resistance

95
Q

WOTF doesn’t have a role in regulating blood sugar?

A

LH

96
Q

Name an important factor in LONG TERM altered BP?

A

Blood volume, atherosclerosis among others

97
Q

Where is the integrating portion of the spinal cord reflex?

A

Grey matter

98
Q

Osmoreceptors are located in WOTF?

A

Hypothalamus, macula densa cells of the kidney

99
Q

Proprioceptive fibers for sensory info from joints, tendons, ligs and muscles are carried by ascending ______ tracts?

A

Spinocerebellar, and dorsal column

100
Q

After acetylcholine binds with its receptor, a channel opens in the end plate region that is large enough for K+ and Na+ to pass thru. Initially, Na+ ions move thru and K+ ions don’t. What best explains this?

A

K+ is at an electro chemical equilibrium

101
Q

Most metab prod CO2 is transported in?

A

Plasma (77%)

102
Q

Greater % of filtered H2O is reabsorbed in?

A

PCT

103
Q

Greater delay in transmission of cardiac system is?

A

Av node

104
Q

What is the functional unit of skeletal muscle?

A

Sarcomere

105
Q

Fixed action pattern or motor prog for suckling and vomiting reflex are controlled by centers in the?

A

Brain stem

106
Q

Node to node conduction is best described as?

A

Saltatory conduction

107
Q

Adrenal medulla is analogous to the ___________ nerve?

A

Postganglionic sympathetic

108
Q

Which chemical prod the hyperpolarizing rxn in humans?

A

K+

109
Q

Neurons which mediate conscious control over single muscle groups are located in?

A

Primary motor cortex

110
Q

Significant decrease in extracellular K+ conc, there is also?

A

Decreased negativity of membrane potential

111
Q

What is the ovarian hormone involved in secretory phase in menstruation?

A

Progesterone

112
Q

Stimulation of baroreceptor causes increased?

A

Vagal stim of heart

113
Q

Hydrochloric acid is responsible for activation of?

A

Pepsinogen

Part 1 (6 decks)

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