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Part 1 > Biochem Mem Jogger > Flashcards

Biochem Mem Jogger Flashcards

1
Q

WOTF is the best food source for Vit K?

A

Spinach

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2
Q

WOTF is generated via UV light using 7-dehydrocholesterol?

A

Vit D

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3
Q

WOTF is not a source of Vit A naturally?

A

Wheat, cereal, rice

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4
Q

WOTF is the best source of Vit E?

A

Wheat germ oil

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5
Q

WOTF is an omega 3?

A

Fish oil

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6
Q

What fiber is most H2O soluble?

A

Pectin

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7
Q

How many nitrogen bases are in codon?

A

3 (which equals 1 AA)

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8
Q

WOTF is a proteolytic enzyme?

A

Trysin

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9
Q

With an allosteric enzyme, WOTF would occur?

A

Conformational change

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10
Q

1 glucose to 2 lactic acid, how many net ATPs do you get?

A

2

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11
Q

If the patient has protein and calorie malnutrition, what is it?

A

Marasmus

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12
Q

The cycloxygenase pathway will lead to what?

A

Prostaglandin

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13
Q

What is the linkage within glycogen?

A

Alpha 1,4 and 1,6

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14
Q

What type of linkage is broken by amylase?

A

Alpha 1,4

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15
Q

What type of linkage is in amylopectin?

A

Alpha 1,4 and 1,6

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16
Q

WOTF is a nucleotide?

A

Pentose sugar, nitrogenous base, phosphate group

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17
Q

WOTF is a nucleoside?

A

Pentose sugar and nitrogenous base

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18
Q

In translation, you form WOTF?

A

Peptide

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19
Q

WOTF do you get from transcription?

A

Phosphodiester bond

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20
Q

WOTF is involved in decarboxylation?

A

B1 (thiamine)

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21
Q

WOTF is involved in carboxylation?

A

Biotin

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22
Q

WOTF is needed for Co-enzyme A?

A

Pantothenic acid

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23
Q

WOTF is involved in transamination rxn?

A

Pyridial phosphate

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24
Q

WOTF is a major intermediate in glycogen synthesis?

A

UDP-glucose

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25
Q

______ produces intrinsic factor that is necessary for absorption of ______?

A

Parietal cells, Cyanocobalamin

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26
Q

Different ring forms of glucose are known as?

A

Anomers

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27
Q

WOTF makes up maltose?

A

Glucose + glucose

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28
Q

Degradation of sucrose will yield?

A

Glucose + fructose

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29
Q

Degradation of lactose will yield?

A

Glucose + galactose

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30
Q

Vit C will perform WOTF?

A

Hydroxylation

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31
Q

During transamination rxn an AA is converted to WOTF?

A

Alpha ketoacid

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32
Q

WOTF allows for the liver to generate free glucose from glucose-6-phosphate?

A

Glucose 6 phosphatase

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33
Q

How do fat soluble vitamins get to the liver?

A

Chylomicrons

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34
Q

Best nitrogen donor is?

A

Glutamate

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35
Q

Carbohydrates are stored as?

A

Glycogen

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36
Q

WOTF is not a major co-factor for beta oxidation?

A

NADPH

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37
Q

Where does beta oxidation and the glycolytic cycle meet?

A

Acetyl CoA

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38
Q

WOTF is not derived from CHOL?

A

Insulin

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39
Q

WOTF is not responsible for production of urea?

A

Hepatocytes

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40
Q

Thymine, which is derived from uracil, occurs due to?

A

Methylation

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41
Q

WOTF is not prod in body?

A

Linoleic acid

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42
Q

WOTF carries CHOL from the liver to peripheral tissue?

A

LDL

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43
Q

WOTF bonds need to be cleaved to break down isomaltose?

A

Alpha 1,6

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44
Q

When glucose and galactose combine together they form?

A

Lactose

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45
Q

WOTF will break down to give only glucose?

A

Maltose

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46
Q

WOTF is a pentose sugar?

A

Ribose

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47
Q

Malonyl CoA is synthesized from WOTF?

A

Acetyl CoA

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48
Q

WOTF is needed to get pyruvate from cytoplasm to mito?

A

Mitochondrial pyruvate carrier

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49
Q

Where does the beta oxidation occur?

A

Mito

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50
Q

WOTF prod the most ATP?

A

Oxidation of FA

51
Q

WOTF hormones is responsible for gluconeogenesis?

A

Glucagon

52
Q

WOTF hormones is responsible for FA synthesis?

A

Insulin

53
Q

WOTF enzymes is responsible for beta oxidation?

A

Hormone sensitive lipase

54
Q

WOTF is a tripeptide?

A

Glutathione

55
Q

WOTF is resp for the most powerful antioxidant system in the body?

A

Glutathione peroxidase

56
Q

WOTF is the initiator of protein synthesis?

A

Methionine

57
Q

WOTF do proteins have?

A

Peptide bonds

58
Q

Which AA is responsible for synthesis of epi and norepi?

A

Phenylalanine

59
Q

WOTF contains an aromatic ring?

A

Tyrosine

60
Q

WOTF is released form posterior pit?

A

ADH

61
Q

Purine breakdown leads to WOTF?

A

Uric acid

62
Q

WOTF will cause a decrease of blood in Ca+ levels?

A

Calcitonin

63
Q

What is the rate limiting enzyme in glycolysis?

A

PFK

64
Q

During glycolysis, at which step do you produce NADH?

A

Glyceraldehyde 3 Phosphate to 1,3 bis phosphoglycerate

65
Q

WOTF is responsible for adding a phosphate group?

A

Kinase

66
Q

WOTF inhibits gluconeogenesis?

A

Insulin

67
Q

WOTF hormones stimulate fat synthesis?

A

Insulin

68
Q

WOTF will cause high blood glucose levels?

A

Cortisol

69
Q

WOTF is responsible for reducing blood sugar levels when they are elevated?

A

Insulin

70
Q

WOTF is a ketone body?

A

Acetone

71
Q

Complementary proteins can be found in WOTF?

A

Pasta and cheese

72
Q

WOTF is an acid essential for synthesis of thymine from uracil?

A

Folic acid

73
Q

Which enzyme is responsible for glycogen break down?

A

Glycogen phosphorylase

74
Q

WOTF inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase activity?

A

NADH

75
Q

WOTF vitamin is heat labile?

A

Panthothenic acid

76
Q

WOTF vitamin is involved in 1 carbon transfer?

A

Folic acid

77
Q

Tryptophan is NOT found in WOTF?

A

Legumes

78
Q

What causes the basophilic stippling of rbc’s in some types of anemia?

A

Lead

79
Q

Which formula explains what happens when a non-competitive inhibitor is added?

A

Decrease Vmax (or no change in KM, either one would be correct)

80
Q

Function of the VLDL particle is to?

A

Transport Tg’s (triglycerides)

81
Q

Soy prod is important to the diet b/c they contain WOTF?

A

Phytoestrogen

82
Q

Where are the glycolytic enzymes located?

A

Cytosol

83
Q

Enzymes with a single binding unit (active site) present which type of curve?

A

Hyperbolic

84
Q

WOTF represents the substrate conc. required to attain ½ of maximal velocity of a rxn?

A

KM

85
Q

An excess of folic acid may mask a deficiency in WOTF?

A

Cobalamine

86
Q

Acidic conditions in the liver as a result of alcoholism is due to building of WOTF?

A

Acetate

87
Q

Deficiency in HMG CoA synthase will result in WOTF?

A

Decreased cholesterol synthesis

88
Q

WOTF vitamins is depleted from a body if a person is taking antibiotics?

A

K

89
Q

In the electron transport chain WOTF contains copper?

A

Cytochrome AA3

90
Q

The reason the TCA cycle can NOT proceed under Anaerobic condition is?

A

Cant regenerate NAD+ and FAD+ without O2

91
Q

Most abundant polar component of a cell membrane is?

A

Phosphate portion of a phospholipid

92
Q

WOTF is NOT a ketone body ?

A

Mevalonate

93
Q

Source of NADPH for fatty acid synthesis is from?

A

Hexose monophosphate shunt

94
Q

Excess ammonia is transported from skeletal muscle to the liver by?

A

L-glutamate

95
Q

Which dx would occur if there was a deficiency in the enzyme necessary for the conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine?

A

Phenylketonuria

96
Q

WOTF is considered the most saturated?

A

Coconut oil

97
Q

WOTF is lacking in a strict vegetarian diet?

A

Cobalamine

98
Q

Beta-oxidation occurs in the ____ and is a ______ process?

A

Mito, oxidation

99
Q

WOTF rxns is responsible for forming deoxyribose from ribose?

A

Oxidation

100
Q

Ketone bodies result from WOTF?

A

Incomplete oxidation of fats

101
Q

What do you call an AA when it is at its isoelectric point?

A

A zwitter ion

102
Q

Alpha helices and beta pleated sheets are which type of protein structure?

A

2 degree

103
Q

Most cells can readily synthesize aspartate from?

A

Oxaloacetate

104
Q

Which lipoprotein is produced by the liver and transports Tg’s to peripheral tissues?

A

VLDL

105
Q

By which mechanism do humans eliminate CHOL?

A

Excrete thru feces

106
Q

WOTF is characteristic of a spontaneous rxn?

A

(-) Gibbs free energy

107
Q

tRNA is responsible for WOTF?

A

Supplying AA during translation

108
Q

Free radicals are highly reactive species which result from the ____ of lipids?

A

Peroxidation

109
Q

Oxaloacetate is the alpha-keto analog of WOTF?

A

Aspartic acid

110
Q

Which enzyme is present in the liver but NOT in the brain or muscle?

A

Glucose-6-phosphatase

111
Q

WOTF is an intermediate in the formation of palmitic acid from acetyl-CoA?

A

Malonyl CoA

112
Q

WOTF hormone contains a disulfide bond ?

A

Insulin

113
Q

Which enzyme catalyzes the degradation of purines?

A

Xanthinoxidase

114
Q

Good source of cobalamine?

A

Liver

115
Q

Which co-enzyme is needed for transamination?

A

B6: pyroxidase phosphate

116
Q

What mineral is needed for proper functioning of the thyroid?

A

Iodine

117
Q

If carbohydrates are depleted, what is the next practical source of energy?

A

Lipids

118
Q

Maltose is derived from WOTF sugars?

A

Glucose-Glucose

119
Q

UDP-glucose is a major intermediate in WOTF?

A

Glycogenesis

120
Q

with respect to monounsaturated fats, where is the double bond at?

A

9/10 (omega 9)

121
Q

What is the alpha-keto sugar of alanine?

A

Pyruvate

122
Q

Which AA removes excess ammonia from the kidney?

A

Glutamate

123
Q

Which substance is prod in the following rxn…..succinate-fumarate?

A

FADH2

Part 1 (6 decks)

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