PHYS 4 regulation of food intake Flashcards
Neuronal centers that control feeding and satiety are located where?
include?
key to maintain energy balance?
hypothalamus receives many types of signals
ex?
integration signaling regulating food intake and energy expenditure happens where?
two pathways?
first?
start where? what is released?
binds to what?
pathway name?
2nd is Neuropeptide Y (NPY)
arcuate nucleus part II
called what?
what stimulates? releases what?
binds to?
what else is released?
arcuate nucleus pathway
how do the two pathways interact?
how?
some cases of obesity related to?
inhibitors and + regulation by what? (either pathway)
wandering nerve? called?
pathway? responses to what?
if blocked?
NTS is nucleus of the tractus solitarius
vagal circuit?
NTS is crucial in?
what happens with vagal signaling to NTS?
higher centers input?
Ghrelin
secreted by?
binds to?
stimulates neuron that release?
actions? (4) (1)
initiate?
Insulin
binds to receptors in what systems? inhibit/stimulate?
actions?
DM type I
CCK
released by what cells? where?
elicits what?
acts on?
causes?
PYY
released by what cells where?
binds to? where? works on what?
Leptin
secreted by?
binds to? inhib/stim?
what action?
obesity and leptin
obese children? with leptin deficiency?
obesity in humans often associated with?
how is this possible?
In general, adiposity signals are involved in the long-term metabolic regulation of energy balance, while gut peptides modulate food intake on a meal-by meal basis (satiety & hunger signals)
other main gut hormones that influence food intake and body weight
(2)
GLP-1
action?
Oxyntomodulin
effect?
more pancreatic hormones that influence food intake and body weight
(3)
PP- causes. through?
glucagon- effefct
amylin- effects? stored with?
gut clues to obesity therapies
promising candidates?
anatomical changes in bariatric surgery?
(3)
RYGB
what hormone changes here?
what else has been shown to increase after RYGB?
RYGB
and food choices after?
taste?
summary of weight loss mechanisms and glucose control after RYGB
self-starvation and excessive weight loss
disease?
patients become severely?
leading to what dysfunctions and abnormalities?
biological factors related to supporting restricted eating habits of patients with AN
