Phy3.1-3.3 Flashcards
When you make music on instruments, or sing, you are making —. - transfers energy from a - such as a drum to a - such as your ear.
things vibrate to produce sound; Sound; source; detector
Sound waves are made by –.
Sound wave is a series of - and - that —.
vibrating objects; compressions; rarefactions; moves through a medium
Loudspeaker cone:
* The vibrating cone makes the —.
* When the layer of air next to the loudspeaker vibrates, it makes the —.
* The sound wave produced moves —.
* The air itself — from the cone.
air particles next to it vibrate; next layer of air particles vibrate; through the air to your ear; does not travel away
Where the air particles are close together it is called a -. Where they are further apart it is called a -.
compression; rarefaction
Sound waves need a material, or -, to travel through, such as -,-, or -. The vibrating source produces a sound wave that makes — as the wave passes.
If the sound wave reaches your ear you hear a a sound.
medium; air water walls; the particles in the medium vibrate backwards and forwards
Vibrations are transferred by particles -.
vibrating
Sound cannot travel through a - because there are - to transfer the - from the source to the detector.
vacuum; no particles; vibration
Sound travels fastest in solids and slowest in gases. This is because the particles in a solid are – than they are in a gas, so the vibration is —.
closer together; passed on more quickly
A wave transfers - without transferring -.
energy; matter
纵波Longitudinal waves (e.g.- & —): a wave in which the vibrations —.
sound; types of earthquake； are in the same direction in which the wave moves
横波Transverse waves (- waves): a wave in which the vibrations are —.
stadium; at right angles to the direction in which the wave moves.
Your ear had parts inside that —.
detect sounds and send signals to your brain.
Having 2 ears helps you to –, bc sounds —.
work out where sounds come from; reach your ears at different times
The - gathers sound wave and directs it down the - to the -. Once there it–, and this makes the –.
out ear; auditory canal; eardrum; makes the eardrum vibrate; ossicles vibrate
The - make up the middle ear. They are —. They pass the - on to the -, and then the -.
ossicles; the smallest bones in your body; vibration; oval window; inner ear
The inner ear is made up of the -&-.
semicircular canals; the cochlea
The semicircular canals help -.
The cochlea is – and –.
When the - vibrates, it —.
The vibrating - makes the —.
The - are connected to –.
The – that – that travels down the –.
Your brain — and —.
you to balance; curled like a snail shell; contains liquid
oval window; transmits the vibration to the fluid
fluid; hairs in the cochlea vibrate
hairs; sound-detecting cells
cells release chemicals; produce a signal; auditory nerve to your brain
processes the signal; you hear a sound
Hearing loss (5)
Loud sounds: destroy the sound-dectecting cells in the cochlea, causing permanent hl
Pressure changes: perforate your eardrum (heal in a few weeks/months)
Wax: naturally produced to clean themselves, but to much can affect your hearing.
Ear infection: fluid produced around ossicles, and interferes with the transfer of sound wave from outer ear to inner ear.
Head injuries: affect auditory nerve = affect ability to hear properly
make a hole in
perforate
Old ppl X hear — as well as young ppl.
high-pitched sounds
Transducer (-&-): a device that either converts —, or converts —.
a sound wave into an electrical signal; an electrical signal into a sound wave
The human ear is the —.
body’s microphone
The microphone contains a -, which is a –. – make the - move –, like an eardrum. This movement produces – that can be —.
diaphragm; flexible plate; Sound waves; diaphragm; backwards and forwards; an electrical signal; amplified and sent to a loudspeaker/ recorded
In a loudspeaker, the —, so the —-.
electrical signal makes the cone vibrate; air particles move backwards and forwards to make a sound wave.
