Chem3.1-3.6 Flashcards
Chemical properties describe how —.
substances change in chemical reactions.
Metals have - physical properties to each other. The - of metals depend on their properties.
similar; uses
Metals:
State and appearance
1.-&-(only - is different, it is —)
2. - when you first cut them/rub with sandpaper (-&- are always)
3. when you hit a metal,—=metals are - (-)
4. metals are – of - (-) &- (-)
5. metals are -&-
6. many metal elements are -
have high melting points; solid at room temperature; mercury; liquid at room temperature;
shiny; gold platinum
it makes a ringing sound; sonorous; sonority
good conductors; thermal energy ( copper); electricity (aluminium; gold)
malleable; ductile
strong
Most metals are -, -, -, -, and -.
shiny; sonorous; strong; malleable; ductile
A copper heat sink transfers —. It stops —.
thermal energy away from the processor; the computer getting too hot
Aluminium is used for –. Gold is used in —-.
power cables; printed circuit boards in cell phones
malleable
can be hammered into different shapes
ductile
can be pulled into wires
In a fair test, you - the independent variable, - the dependent variable, and - the control variables -.
change; measure; keep; the same
An alloy is a - of a metal —. It has different —.
mixture; with small amounts of other elements
physical properties from the elements that are mixed to make it
Most alloys are -&- than the elements that are in them.
stronger; harder
Aluminium is - for its size (suitable for -), but it is – (so it –) and – (so it is –).
light; aeroplanes; not strong; breaks easily; not hard; easy to scratch and dent
-are alloys of iron (3 types of alloy:-,-,-) . Iron alone is too -&-.
Steel; soft; bendy
low carbon steel
Properties:-&-
Uses:-,-,-,-
strong; easily shaped; building ships vehicles bridges
manganese steel
Properties:-&-
Uses:-,-
hard; tough
mining equipments; railway points
stainless steel
Properties:-
Uses:-,-
does not rust
cutleries
surgical equipments
Alloys’ different physical properties result from —.
Pure metal: atoms are –
the —, so iron is –.
Steel: carbon atoms –. The iron atom layers —. This makes steel —.
their atom arrangements
arranged in layers; layers slide over each other easily; soft¬ very strong
get between the iron atoms; cannot slide over each other easily; harder&stronger than pure iron
An alloy may have different – (e.g. pure iron goes - but stainless steel does not)
chemical properties from the elements that are in it; rusty
Bronze is —.
an alloy of copper and tin
Only - can be called non-metals.
elements
Non-metals:
Gas state
1.-&-; most are in —
Solid state (such as -,-,-)
2. not - (-)
3. - (cannot be bend)
4. do not –=-
low melting&boiling points; gas state at room temperature
sulfur carbon phosphorus
shiny; dull
brittle
conduct electricity; electrical insulators
brittle=
breaks easily when hit with a hammer
You explain different physical properties of metal and non-metal elements by considering:
-&-
particle arrangement; particle separation
Metals have high melting points bc—
Non-metals have low melting points and brittle bc—
atoms hold together strongly
there is only weak forces between atoms/ attracted to one another only weakly
