Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

biology topic 5 Energy for biological processes > photosynthesis in plants > Flashcards

photosynthesis in plants Flashcards

1
Q

autotrophic organisms

A

make energy containing organic compounds out of inorganic sources like carbon dioxide and water
-photosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is photosynthesis

A

process by which living organisms capture energy of sin using chlorophyll and use it to convert carbon dioxide and water to simple sugars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what happens with energy produced from photosynthesis

A

energy is transferred into the chemical bonds of organic molecules such as glucose and starch
-compounds then used as energy source by cells of plant and building blocks of other molecules like proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

autotrophic bacteria

A

not photosynthetic
-use energy from chemical reactions to synthesise their food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

heterotrophic organisms

A

eat plants or other animals that have eaten plants
-they use products of photosynthesis indirectly for making molecules and as fuels to supply energy for activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

the sun

A

ultimate source of energy for chemical reactions in almost all organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

equation for photosynthesis

A

carbon dioxide + water = glucose + oxygen endothermic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

chemical explanation of photosynthesis equation

A

energy from light energy split strong H-O bonds in water molecules
-hydrogen released combined with carbon dioxide to form fuel for cells (glucose)
-oxygen released into atmosphere as waste product

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

link of photosynthesis and cellular respiration

A

-photosynthesis takes in energy and used carbon dioxide and water to synthesise glucose and oxygen- endothermic
-respiration- uses glucose and oxygen to produce energy in form of ATP for cell with carbon dioxide and water as waste products- exothermic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

how much chloroplast does average plant have

A

10-50

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is each chloroplast surrounded by

A

an outer and inner membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

whats the chloroplast envelope

A

space between the outer and inner membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

grana

A

inside chloroplast they are a system of membranes that are arranged in stacks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is an single granum made of

A

made up of stacks of membrane discs called thylakoids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

thylakoids

A

stacks of membrane discs that make up single granum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

where is chlorophyll found

A

in the thylakoids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

arrangement of chlorophyll

A

pigment molecules are arranged on membranes in best position for trapping light energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what does evidence from electron micrographs show

A

that the granal membranes are covered in particles that seem to be involved in ATP synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

lamella

A

extensions of thylakoid membranes which connects two or more grana

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what holds grana together

A

held together by lamellae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

role of lamellae

A

act as skeleton within chloroplast maintaining a working distance between the grana so they get maximum light and function as efficient as possible

22
Q

what are lamellae surrounded by

A

the stroma

23
Q

what are the stroma

A

matrix that surrounds membrane stacks

24
Q

function of the stroma

A

contains all enzymes needed to complete process of photosynthesis and produce glucose

25
use of glucose after it is made by photosynthesis
used in cellular respiration -converted to starch for storage -used as intermediate for synthesis of other organic compounds like amino acids and lipids
26
adaptation of chloroplast
their light capturing photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll
27
what is chlorophyll made up of
chlorophyll a -chlorophyll b -carotenoids -phaeophytin
28
chlorophyll a
a blue green colour -found in all photosynthesising plants and most abundant pigment
29
chlorophyll b
yellow green
30
chlorophyll carotenoids
orange carotene and yellow xanthophyll
31
phaeophytin
grey pigment which is breakdown product of other pigments
32
what do the pigments do
they capture light from particular areas of the spectrum
33
benefits of having multiple pigments make up chlorophyll
more energy from light falling on the plant can be used than if only one pigment was involved
34
what is the absorption spectrum
describes the range of amount of light of different wavelengths that a photosynthetic pigment absorbs
35
how are absorption spectra of pigments found
found by measuring their absorption of light of differing wavelengths -possible to produce absorption spectrum for intact chloroplast with all pigments combined
36
T.W engelmann comparing rate of photosynthesis with wavelength of light
-set up strand of filamentous alga in light of different wavelengths -used bacteria that move towards oxygen to show where the most oxygen was given off which is directly related to the amount of photosynthesis taking place
37
action spectrum
a way of demonstrating the rate of photosynthesis against the wavelength of light
38
modern action spectra
use electronic data logging rather then bacterial movements to measure rate of photosynthesis at different wavelengths of light
39
what do action spectra show us
that the rate of photosynthesis is very closely related to the combined absorption spectrums of all the photosynthetic pigments in a plant
40
what can we conclude from action spectra
range of photosynthetic pigments makes a much bigger portion of wavelength of light available to plants and gives them adaptive advantage
41
how can you show plants have different pigments
paper chromatography
42
carrying out paper chromatography
suitable solvent pigments travel up paper at different speeds and are separated
43
equation for Rf value
distance travelled by solute (photosynthetic pigment) / distance travelled by solvent
44
labels of paper chromatography
baseline -distance travelled by pigment=B -total distance travelled by solvent=x -distance travelled by pigment= A
45
how to calculate for A Rf
A/X
46
how to calculate Rf for B
B/X
47
chlorophyll complexes
photosystem 1 and photosystem 2 in roman numerals
48
why are chlorophyll complexes formed
because photosynthetic pigments carry out the absorption of light in 2 complexes
49
why does each system absorb light in slightly different area of spectrum
because each system has a different combination of chlorophyll pigments
50
photosystems identified by electron micrographs
identified as different sized particles attached to membranes in the chloroplast
51
where are PS1 particles found
on the intergranal lamellae
52
where are PS2 particles found
on the grana themselves

biology topic 5 Energy for biological processes (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions