Photosynthesis and etc Flashcards
What is the photosynthesis equation?
Carbon dioxide + water —-> glucose + oxygen
What is the photosynthesis symbol equation?
6CO2 + 6H2O —-> C6H12O6 + 6O2
What is the importance of photosynthesis?
Provides energy all living things require
Produces O2
Chlorophyll converts it to chemical energy
Plants use molecules to produce ATP for respiration
Non-photosynthetic organisms feed on molecules produced by plants
What are the features of a plant cell?
Amyloplast SER RER Nucleus Ribosomes Cell wall Golgi apparatus Chloroplast Vacuole Cell membrane Mitochondria
What makes leaves good at photosynthesis?
Large SA Thin Transparent cuticle Palisade cells long, thin + tightly packed Many stomata Air spaces
Why is it it good that leaves have a large SA?
Absorb max light
Why is it it good that leaves are thin?
Efficient gas exchange
Why is it it good that leaves have a transparent cuticle?
Allows light to upper mesophyll
Why is it it good that leaves have palisade cells that are long,thin + tightly packed?
Max light absorption
Why is it it good that leaves have many stomatas?
Efficient gas exchange + short diffusion distance
Why is it it good that leaves have air spaces?
Rapid gas exchange
What structures are present in a chloroplast?
Outer membrane Inner membrane Thykaloid sticks Stroma Grana Intergranal lamellae
What do thykaloid discs contain?
Chlorophyll
What is grana?
Stacks of thykaloid sticks
What is the stroma?
Fluid-filled matrix around grana
Where does the LIDR take place?
Stroma
Where can starch grains be found?
Stroma
What do some thykaloid sticks have?
Tube shaped extensions
What does the tube shaped extensions connect?
Grana
What is it called when the tube shaped extensions join the grana?
Intergranal lamellae
What is the function of granal membranes?
Large SA for chlorophyll, electron carriers + enzymes
What is the function of the network of proteins in grana holding chlorophyll in specific way?
Allows for max light absorption
What is the function of the fluid in the stroma containing enzymes?
Needed for LDR
Allows to maintain optimum enzyme conc
What is the function of chloroplasts containing DNA + ribosomes?
Can quickly + easily manufacture proteins needed for photosynthesis
What is the function of granal membranes having ATP synthase channels?
Catalyse production of ATP
Selectively permeable
What is the function of stroma surrounding grana?
Products from LDR easily diffuse into stroma for LIDR
What is the law of limiting factors?
When a process depends on two or more factors, the rate of that process is the limited by the factor which is in shortest supply
What factors affect photosynthesis?
Light intensity Availability of H2O Temperature Availability of chlorophyll Availability of CO2