Photosynthesis Flashcards
Describe photosynthesis.
sunlight converted into energy
Define potential energy.
stored energy
Define kinetic energy.
energy in motion
Define visible light.
wavelengthes that yoyu can see
Define ultraviolet light.
wavelengths that are able to penetrate living tissue
Define infrared.
heat energy
Define cyanobacteria.
photosynthetic bacteria
Define light-dependent reactions.
a process that depends on sunlight
Describe light-independent reactions.
a process that does not depend on sunlight
Define stomata.
tiny pores in leaves
Define g3P.
carbon sugar
Define rubisco.
enxyme that attatches carbon dioxide to the 5-carbon molecule
Define dehydration.
water loss through the stomata
Define photorespiration.
O2 is added to the Calvin cycle instead of CO2
Define photoautotroph.
self light nutrition
Define the Law of Conservation of Mass.
matter cannot be created or destroyed, it only changes form
Define Amyloplasts.
specialized organelle used to produce and store starch
For a long time, the conventional wisdom was that plants gained most of their mass by “eating” or absorbing nutrients from soil. In reality, where does most of their mass come from?
von Helmont preformed an experiment demonstrating this, but the plants mass actually comes from water from the soil and carbon from the air
What is the kinetic energy that plants utilize in photosynthesis? What form of potential energy are they producing?
the conversion of sunlight into glucose
What specific wavelengths of energy are utilized by plants in photosynthesis?
infrared
Write out the complete reaction for photosynthesis.
carbon dioxide and water are used to make sugar which can then be used to produce starch or cellulose
{insert equation here}
List each part of photosynthesis.
Photosystem II
Chemiosmosis
Photosystem I
Calvin cycle
Describe Photosystem II.
light-dependent, inputs H2O and a photon of light, produces o2, H+ ions, and energized electrons
why is the enzyme rubisco called the “bridge of life”? what does it do?
carbon dioxide is considered a lifeless molecule and RuBP is part of the cell’s molecular process
Which pigments of visible light do plants absorb and use for photosynthesis? Which are reflected?
all except green; green
What conditions lead to photorespiration? Why is it considered a wasteful process for plants?
stomata is closed; no sugar is produced
Compare how C4 and CAM plants are adapted to minimize the costs of photorespiration. give one example of each.
C4- moves carbon fixation process to the mesophyll (corn)
CAM- open their stomata’s at night (cacti)
Describe Chemiosmosis.
light-dependent, inputs ATP, produces energy
Describe Photosystem I.
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