Ch. 11 Vocab Flashcards
What is the situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over the other?
Incomplete dominance
What is the situation in which both alleles of a gene contributes to the phenotype of the organism?
Codominance
What are three or more alleles of the same gene?
Multiple alleles
What is the trait controlled by two of more genes?
Polygenic trait
What are two sets of chromosomes in which each of the four chromosomes have a corresponding male and female chromosome?
Homologous
What is a cell that contain both sets of homologous chromosomes?
Diploid
What is a single set of chromosomes?
Haploid
What is the process in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell?
Meiosis
What is the structure containing four chromatin during meiosis?
Tetrad
What is the process in which homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange portions of their chromatids?
Crossing-over
What is a map that shows the relative locations of each known gene?
Gene map
What is the independent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes?
Independent assortment
What is the study of heredity?
Genetics
What is the process in which male and female reproductive cells join?
Fertilization
What is the process in which an organism self-pollinates?
True-breeding
What is a specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another?
Trait
What is the offspring of crosses between parents with different traits?
Hybrids
What are the chemical factors that determine traits?
Genes
What are the different forms of a gene?
Alleles
What is the separation of allels?
Segregation
What are sex cells?
Gametes
What is the likelihood that a particular event will occur?
Probability
What is the diagram in which gene combinations can be determined in?
Punnett Square
What are organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait?
Homozygous
