1.3-1.4 Quiz Flashcards
Describe cells.
- they are the smallest units that are alive
- they can grow, respond to their surroundings, and reproduce
- they are highly complex organisms
What are the 2 types of Asexual Reproduction?
- a single-celled organism divides in half to form 2 new organisms
- a portion of an organism breaks off and a new organism is formed
What do organisms use to grow and reproduce?
energy
Why do scientists need a common system of measurement?
because researchers need to replicate each other’s experiments and most experiments involve measurements
When collecting data and doing experiments, what system of measurement do most scientists use?
metric system
What is the metric system?
a decimal system fo measurement whose units are based on certain physical standards and are scaled on multiples of 10
1,000 meters = 1 _______
kilometer
1 liter = _____ milliliters
1,000
1 gram = _____ milligrams
1,000
1,000 kilogram = 1 _____
metric ton
When scientists are collecting data, what are they often trying to find out?
whether certain factors changed or remained the same
What does a graph of data make easier to recognize and understand than a table of data?
it makes patterns much easier to recognize and understand
What are microscopes?
devices that produce magnified images of structures that are too small to see with the unaided eye
What are compound light microscopes?
they allow light to pass through the specimen and use 2 lenses to form an image
How do chemical stains make light microscopes more useful?
They can show specific structures in cells
What are the two main types of electron microscopes?
Transmission electron microscopes (TEM) and scanning electron microscopes (SEM)
Compare how a TEM and a SEM produce images.
TEM- reveals a wealth of detail inside the cell
SEM- produce realistic and often dramatic, three-dimensional images of the surfaces of the objects
How must samples be prepared for observation by an electron microscope?
they must be dehydrated before placed inside of the microscope
A group of cells grown in a nutrient solution from a single cell is called a what?
cell culture
What technique do biologists use to separate one part of the cell from the other part of the cell?
cell fracionation
What is the single most important rule for your safety while working in a laboratory?
always follow you teacher’s instructions and the textbook directions exactly
What are eight characteristics of living things?
- they are made up of units called cells
- they reproduce
- they are based on a universal genetic code
- they grow and develop
- they obtain and use materials and energy
- they respond to their environment
- they maintain a stable internal environment
- taken as a group, they change over time
