Photosynthesis 🪷

Question 1

name the 3 membranes of the chloroplast

Answer 1

outer,inner and thylakoid

Question 2

name the 3 compartments of a chloroplast

Answer 2

inter membrane, stroma, thylakoid

Question 3

where does photosynthesis take place?

Answer 3

chloraplasts

Question 4

what is the grana?

Answer 4

stacks of thylakoid membranes

Question 5

what are thylakoids connected by ?

Answer 5

intergranal lamellae

Question 6

why does a cell contain lots of chloroplasts and therefore lots of grana ?

Answer 6

very high surface area for distribution of photosystems that will eventually produce ATP

Question 7

which membrane of a chloroplast is more pemeable?

Answer 7

outer membrane

Question 8

what is a photosystem ?

Answer 8

system of photosynthetic pigments found in thylakoids, they trap photons and pass energy onto primary pigment reaction centre. used during light dependent stage

Question 9

what is the role of the photosynthetic pigment?

Answer 9

absorbs specific wavelengths of light and traps energy

Question 10

name 4 photosynthetic pigments

Answer 10

chloraphills a and b, carotene and xanthophyll

Question 11

how is a photosystem arranged?

Answer 11

accessory pigments absorb light energy and funnel it down to primary pigment reaction centre

Question 12

what type of molecule is in the primary pigment reaction centre ?

Answer 12

chlorophill a

Question 13

what is the stroma ?

Answer 13

fluid filled matrix that contains enzymes needed to catalyse the reactions of light independent stage. contains

Question 14

what group does a chlorophyll molecule hold ?

Answer 14

porphyrin

Question 15

what is a porphyrin group?

Answer 15

magnesium atom and long hydrocarbon chain

Question 16

what are the 2 wavelengths of chlorophyll a ?

Answer 16

p680 and p700

Question 17

what colour does chlorophyll a appear?

Answer 17

blue/green

Question 18

what colour does chlorophyll a absorb ?

Answer 18

red and blue (440nm)

Question 19

where is p680 found? and its peak absorption

Answer 19

photosystem 2/ 680nm

Question 20

where is p700 found and peak absorption?

Answer 20

photosystem 1 / 700nm

Question 21

what wavelength does chlorophyll b absorb?

Answer 21

400-500nm and 640nm

Question 22

what colour does chlorophyll appear ?

Answer 22

yellow/green

Question 23

what are the 2 accessory pigments ?

Answer 23

carotenoids and xanthophylls

Question 24

what wavelength does carotenoids absorb ?

Answer 24

blue- 400-500nm

Question 25

what wavelength does xanthophylls absorb?

Answer 25

blue/green- 375-500nm

Question 26

where does the light dependent stage occur?

Answer 26

thylakoids

Question 27

what does the light dependent stage consist of ?

Answer 27

light harvesting, photolysis, photophosphorylation which is production of ATP, formation of NADP, and produces by-product of oxygen

Question 28

state the equation for photolysis

Answer 28

2H2O -> 4H+ + 4E- + O2

Question 29

what are 4 roles of water in the light dependent stage?

Answer 29

1) a source of H+ used in photophosphorylation 2) donates electrons to replace those lost at the chlorophyll when light strikes 3)source of the by product O2 4) keeps plant turgid

Question 30

what Is photophosphorylation ?

Answer 30

generation of ATP and pi in the presence of light

Question 31

where does non cyclic photophosphorylation take place?

Answer 31

ps1 and ps2

Question 32

what does does non cyclic photophosphorylation produce?

Answer 32

ATP, NADPH and O2

Question 33

where does cyclic photophosphorylation take place?

Answer 33

ps1

Question 34

what does does cyclic photophosphorylation produce?

Answer 34

ATP in smaller amounts

Question 35

what type of proteins do non cyclic and cyclic photophosphorylation involve?

Answer 35

iron containing proteins in thylakoid membrane that accept and donate electrons to and from an electron transport system

Question 36

where does cyclic photophosphorylation take place ?

Answer 36

chloroplasts, some bacteria and guard cells

Question 37

where does the Calvin cycle take place ?

Answer 37

stroma of chloroplasts

Question 38

what happens in the light independent pathway?

Answer 38

where co2 is fixed with products of light dependent pathway make organic compounds to be used in the body

Question 39

why can Clavin cycle only run in light?

Answer 39

products from light dependent stage are constantly needed if there is no light, then this won't happen.