photosynthesis Flashcards
what is the chlorophyll
A green coloured chemical in chloroplasts that is responsible for absorbing light energy during photosynthesis.
what is a green coloured chemical in chloroplasts that is responsible for absorbing light energy during photosynthesis.
the chlorophyll
what is the chloroplasts
A structure in the cytoplasm of plant cells which contains chlorophyll and carries out photosynthesis
what is a structure in the cytoplasm of plant cells which contains chlorophyll and carries out photosynthesis
the chloroplasts
what is the compensation point
When the environmental conditions plant is growing a in (usually the levels of light) produce rates of photosynthesis and respiration that are equal i. e. there is no net gas exchange.
what happens When the environmental conditions plant is growing a in (usually the levels of light) produce rates of photosynthesis and respiration that are equal i. e. there is no net gas exchange.
the compensation point
what is the cuticle
The waxy layer on the outside surface of a plant epidermis that allows light through and reduces water loss.
what is the waxy layer on the outside surface of light through and reduces water loss. a plant epidermis that allows
the cuticle
what does it mean by de-starch
The procedure that removes starch from plant leaves
what is the procedure that removes starch from plant leaves
de-starch
what is the epidemies
An outer layer of cells
what is an outer layer of cells
the epidemies
what is gas exchange
The movement of gases between an organism and its surroundings.
what is the movement of gases between an organism and its surroundings.
gas exchange
what is the limiting factor
Any factor which is at a level less than its optimum which slows or limits
a process, e.g. photosynthesis.
what do you call when any factor which is at a level less than its optimum which slows or limits
a process, e.g. photosynthesis.
the limiting factor
what is the palisade
The upper of the two layers of mesophyll cells in the centre of a leaf. The cells are closely packed end on to the upper surface and contain many chloroplasts. They are the main site of photosynthesis.
what is the upper of the two layers of mesophyll cells in the centre of a leaf. The cells are closely packed end on to the upper surface and contain many chloroplasts. They are the main site of photosynthesis.
the palisade
what is photosynthesis
The chemical process in green plants which uses light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugars and oxygen.
what is the chemical process in green plants which uses light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugars and oxygen.
photosynthesis
what is the spongy mesophyll
The lower of the two layers of mesophyll cells in the centre of a leaf. The cells are loosely arranged with air spaces in between them. They are the main site of gas exchange,
what is the lower of the two layers of mesophyll cells in the centre of a leaf. The cells are loosely arranged with air spaces in between them. They are the main site of gas exchange,
the spongy mesophyll
what is a stoma
The small pores in the surface of plant leaves.
what is the small pores in the surface of plant leaves.
a stoma
what is the word equation for photosynthesis
carbon dioxide + water =sunlight= glucose + oxygen
what is the chemical balanced equation for photosynthesis
6Co2 + 6H2O = C6H12O6 +6O2
what 2 chemicals do plants take in
carbon dioxide and water
what gas does plants release
oxygen
How do you De-starch a Plant
Place it in a dark cupboard for 48 hours
Chemical Used for starch test
Iodine Solution
What type of Reaction is Photosynthesis
Endothermic
What Colour will Hydrogen Carbonate Indicator turn if there is more CO2 and Why?
Yellow
Rate of Respiration>Rate of Photosynthesis
What Colour will Hydrogen Carbonate Indicator turn if there is less CO2 and Why?
Purple
Rate of Respiration<Rate of Photosynthesis
What does it mean if Hydrogen Carbonate Indicator turns Red
Rate of Respiration=Rate of Photosynthesis
How is Leaf Adapted for Gas Exchange?
1)Stomata=Allows gases to enter and leave the leaf
2)Air Space= allows gases such as CO2 and O2 to diffuse
How is Leaf Adapted for Light Absorption?
1) The cuticle is transparent which allows light to pass through
2)Has chlorophyll which absorbs/traps sunlight
What Chemical Absorbs Carbon Dioxide from the Air?
Sodium Hydroxide
What is it called when the Rate of Respiration=Rate of Photosynthesis
Compensation point
explain the starch test for a plant leaf
- Remove a leaf from a plant and place in boiling water for at least 30 seconds.
- The leaf is then placed in boiling ethanol.
- The leaf should then be dipped in water again.
4.The leaf is then spread out on a white tile or petri dish and iodine is added to
- If starch is present the yellow-brown iodine will turn the starch blue-black.
what is the point of step 1 by the process to Remove a leaf from a plant and place in boiling water for at least 30 seconds.
soften the leaf and breaks down the membranes
what is the point of step 2 of by placing the leaf in boiling ethanol
to remove the green chlorophyll - allows us to see any colour change of iodine
what is the point of step 3 by dipping the leaf back into water again
to remove the ethanol
what is the point of step 4 when the leaf is spread out on a white tile or petri dish and iodine is added to
iodine is an indicator
what is the point of step 5 of checking the colour
if the iodine shows up as blue-black then there is starch or the leaf is photosynthesising
what is sugars used for in a plant
it is used to make new cell wall, respiration, used to help the plant make proteins and fats and it is used to turn back into starch to be stored
how can you measure the rate of photosynthesis
Pondweed (Elodea) is frequently used to compare photosynthesis rates in different light
what is the key points of measuring Pondweed
Key points: measuring the rate of Photosynthesis by Counting the bubbles Per minute.
You can change light intensitiy and measure its effect by moving the lamp Waiting are recovering.
why is counting all the bubbles in a pondweed not a good way of measuring oxygen released
not all the bubbles may be pure it may also be carbon dioxide and it may be different sizes
what is the lamp for
the lamp is there for the light not for the heat
why id extra carbon dioxide added to a green house
maximum PSN, MAX growth
why is carbon dioxide closed of 1 hour before night time
is there is no sun extra carbon dioxide won’t help it photosynthesis and be a waste of money
why is the windows opened in a green house
to help with ventilation
word equation for respiration
glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water
