Ecological Relationships and Energy Flow Flashcards
Define a Habitat
The Place where an organism lives and breeds
Explain Population
The Number of organisms of a single species in a habitat
Explain Community
All the population from all species in a particular area
Explain Biodiversity
A measure of the range of different
Explain environment
The surroundings i which an organism lives
Explain Ecosystem
an area in which a community interacts with each other and their physical surroundings
Explain sampling
a process used to give a good estimate of the number or percentage of an organism in a particular area
How should you take a sample
Representative: you should take as many measurements as possible
Reliable: there should be lots of repeats and average for the area should be calculated
Random: you should use random coordinates to avoid bias
what is random sampling
This is carried out when the area is uniform. Involves picking random coordinates and then putting quadrats down at these coordinates.
What is Belt Transect
Belt Transect (Systematic sampling) is carried out when there is gradation in the area e.g. on a beach. Involves putting down a belt transect and then placing quadrats beside it at intervals.
What is percentage cover
It is the percentage cover of each type of plant in a quadrat in counted.
What are biotic factors
These are the living factors that act on an organism e.g. the effect of a predator on its prey or where two species compete for the same food (competition)
wat are some Biotic factors
predator, prey and competition
What are abiotic factors
These are the non-living factors that act on an organism eg temperature, humidity, light intensity, wind
How can wind be measured
anemometer
How can Ph be measured
Ph probe
How can light be measured
Light meter
How can temperature be measured
thermometer
What do living things compete for
Plants= water, light, space to grow, minerals
Animals= Water, food, territory, mates
What is a Food Chain
the order in which energy passes through living organism
What is the initial and ultimate source of energy?
Sun
What is a producer
Plant that makes food by PHOTOSYNTHESIS
What is a primary consumer
An animal that feeds on a plant
What is a secondary consumer
An Animal that feeds on a primary Consumer
What is Tertiary Consumer
Animal that feeds on Secondary consumer
Why is calcium used in fertilisers
To make cell walls
Why is magnesium used in fertilisers
needed to make chlorophyll
Why is nitrate used in fertilisers
needed to make ammino acid and protein to for grow
What is presented in sewage to cause eutrophication
Nitrates
