breathing and resperation Flashcards
What is the word equation for aerobic respiration
Glucose + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water + energy
what is the balanced equation for respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 –> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ENERGY
what is continually released from every cell during respiration in a series of chemical reactions
Energy
what 5 things do the different cells in the body do with energy
growth and repair
movement
produce heat (endothermic)
respiration
active transportation
What is the word equation for aerobic respiration in the muscle
glucose –> Latic acid + energy
what type of reaction is respiration
endothermic
What is produced by yeast in anaerobic respiration
ethanol
What is the word equation for aerobic respiration in yeast
glucose –> ethanol + carbon dioxide + energy
What is the 4 method for the experiment to show aerobic respiration in yeast
- A solution of glucose is boiled
- The glucose id cooled before adding the yeast cells
- Once the apparatus id set up a layer of oil is added to the glucose containing yeast
- As the yeast respires anaerobically it produces carbon dioxide, alcohol and energy in the form of heat
Give 2 reasons why the glucose is boiled in step 1 of the aerobic respiration in yeast
remove oxygen
sterilise it to remove bacteria
Why is it important to cool the glucose before adding the yeast in step 2 of the aerobic respiration in yeast
So we don’t kill the yeast
why is a layer of oil added in step 3 of the aerobic respiration in yeast
This is to maintain the yeast in anaerobic conditions
What changes will you observe in step 4 of the aerobic respiration in yeast
milky with the carbon dioxide the boiling tube will heat up
what happens in aerobic respiration
oxygen is used
CO2 is released
water vapor released
energy is released
what happens in aerobic respiration in mammalian muscle
lactic acid produced
energy released
what happens in aerobic respiration in yeast
carbon dioxide is released
energy is released
what is inside a human respiratory system
In humans the respiratory system is inside the Thorax a space surrounded by ribs of bone with **intercostal Muscle **between them and a muscular sheet, the Diaphragm below them.
what happens to the air as it passes through the nasal cavity
filters the air
warms/moistens
what are the 6 ways for adaption of respiratory surface
large surface area
thin
moist
permeable
good blood supply
different gradient
how are the lungs adapted for large surface area
There are many alveoli in each lung and each alveolus has a large surface area so the overall effect is that humans have a gas exchange surface of many square metres
how are the lungs adapted for thin walls with short diffusion distance
Allows rapid diffusion and exchange of gases “along Concentration gradient
how are the lungs adapted for moist walls
Allow gases to disolve
how are the lungs adapted for permeable surface
Moist/thin walls
allow gases to exchange
how are the lungs adapted for a good blood supply
Alveoli are surrounded by capillaries to ensure that any oxygen diffusing through is carried around the body; and carbon dioxide is continually taken back to the lungs
i.g, it maintains a concentration gradient
how are the lungs adapted for a good diffusion gradient
oxygen diffusions from high concentration in the gluesli to lawin the blood and co² diffuses from high in the blood to low in the alveoli
what is breathing rate
it is the number of breaths per minute
what is recovery rate
it is the time for your breathing rate to return to nromal
what 3 things happens when you breath
your inter costal muscle contracts causing ribs to move up and out
diaphragm contracts and moves down
the volume of the chest cavity increases the pressure to decreases air enters the lungs because the lungs pressure falls below the atmospheric pressure
what is the main adaption for respiratory surface in plants
-Large surface area-this is because there are so many spongy mesophyll cells surrounding the air spaces
what are the 3 membranes and what does each do
thin = shorter diffusion distance
moist = gases can dissolves
permeable = gases can transfer through and maintains concentration gradient
