Photosynthesis Flashcards
What is the Photosynthesis equation?
6CO2+6H20 -> C6H12O6 + 6O2
What is a Thylakoid? What does it do/produce?
The site where the light DEPENDENT reaction occurs, produces ATP and NADPH for the Calvin cycle to use, takes in H2O and excretes O2
What is the Calvin Cycle? Where does it take place?
The Calvin cycle is the light-independent reaction that takes place in the stroma. It uses ATP and NADPH and returns ADP and NADP+. It takes in CO2 and releases glucose
What is a Heterotroph? What organisms are examples?
A heterotroph is an organism that doesn’t create its own food and has to induce other organisms for energy. Examples are ALL animals.
What is an Autotroph? What organisms are examples?
An autotroph is an organism that produces its food through photosynthesis. Examples are plants, bacteria, and algae
What is a grana/granum?
Multiple thylakoid disks stacked up together
Make a drawing of the photosynthesis process
H2O, light entering chloroplasts, thylakoid having light reactions and releasing O2. thylakoid is also taking ATP and NADPH to Calvin cycle and it is taking in CO2. It is taking back ADP and NADP+ to thylakoid, and releasing glucose.
Describe the process of the electron transport chain.
Light is taken in and creates oxygen with it, and releases into environment. It takes away electrons from water and energizes them. charged hydrogen ions are transported into the thylakoid space and then re-engergized, and the electron is taken away from NADPH. then hydrogen ions are taken into the stroma, and the ADP is bonded with a phosphate group to make ATP from the spinning
What is Photosystem II?
The place where light and water is taken in to create oxygen, and water is broken down and used for electrons, that are charged by sunlight
What are Electron Carriers
Oven mittens. They carry pairs of charged hydrogen ions into thylakoid space, and pump against the gradient so they loose energy
What is Photosystem I used for? (TWO REASONS)
To re-energize the hydrogen ions with sunlight, and give away one electron from the ions to NADP+
Why is ATP Synthase important? (TWO REASONS)
Because it allows the hydrogen ions to move across the gradient into the stroma, and when it spins and creates energy, the energy is used to bond ADP with a phosphate group.
What is a Pigment? Why are pigments like chlorophyll important?
Pigments are molecules that reflect the light cast onto them. Chlorophyll reflects green light, and allows photosynthesis to occur in plants.
Why do leaves sometimes turn red and orange?
Chlorophyll is very powerful and overpowers the red and orange pigments. When temperatures drop, chlorophyll molecules break down and allow the red and orange pigments to be seen.
What are the uses of ATP’s Energy? What can’t it do?
- Maintain equilibrium of ions
- Active transport; Pump hydrogen ions across the gradient.
- ATP cannot store energy for long periods of time
