Bio - Ch 13.1-2

Question 1

What is RiboNucleic Acid?

Answer 1

primary role of RNA is to convert the information stored in DNA into proteins.

Question 2

Differences Between DNA and RNA

Answer 2

DNA:
* Double Stranded
* Sugar is deoxyribose
* Located in the Nucleus
* Contains Thymine as a base

RNA:
* Single Stranded
* Sugar is ribose
* Cytoplasm
* Contains Uracil as a base

Question 3

What enzyme is responsible for DNA Replication, How?

Answer 3

DNA Polymerase; joins individual nucleotides to produce a new DNA strand

Question 4

Which organelles are involved?

Answer 4

• Nucleus (has genetic info)
• Ribosomes (makes proteins)
• ER (transports proteins)
• Golgi Apparatus (Modifies + Ships)

Question 5

What are mRNA Vaccines

Answer 5

Vaccines that have spikes, teaches body to recognize and fight agiainst virus before it happens

Question 6

Three types of RNA

Answer 6

messengerRNA: Contains recepie for building proteins
ribosomalRNA: used to build ribosomes
transportRNA: transfers amino acids to ribosomes

Question 7

What is Transcription?

Answer 7

Process that occurs in the Nucleus
- copying RNA into DNA
- first copy of RNA contains introns & extrons
- introns aren’t being used to theyre removed
- mRNA doesn’t have introns
- Introns stay in nucleous, extrons leave in mRNA

Question 8

What is Translation?

Answer 8

protein synthesis process (nuclotide/base -> codon -> amino acid -> protein)

Question 9

Characteristics of Huntington Neurodegenerative Disease

Answer 9

• Neuro = Brain (neurons)
• Degenerative = slowly breaking down
• repeated sequence of DNA (too long)
• Abnormal Proteins
• Abnormal movements & cognitive problems
• onset at 40, longer chain = earlier onset
• disease has over 36 sequences (10-35 is normal)

Question 10

Autosomal

Answer 10

affects one of the 22 chromosomes (not the one gamate chromosome)

Question 11

Codons

Answer 11

Three letter words formed by three bases/nucleotides, corresponds to one amino acid (3 = 1)

Question 12

AntiCodon

Answer 12

Corresponding codons, can only bond with specific base/nucleotides

Question 13

Polypeptide

Answer 13

String of amino acids

Question 14

What is the Central Dogma of molecular bio?

Answer 14

Information is transferred from DNA to RNA to Protein

Question 15

What is gene expression

Answer 15

the way in which DNA, RNA and proteins are involved in putting genetic info into action in living cells