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Biology > Photosynthesis > Flashcards

Photosynthesis Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Light Dependant Reactions require energy from____

A

Light(Sun)

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2
Q

Photosynthesis takes place in the _______ of the chlorophyll

A

Thylakoid

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3
Q

LDR requires three things__________

A

Sunlight, Chlorophyll, Water

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4
Q

Photosynthesis is broken into two steps ______ and _______

A

Photosystem II and Photosystem I

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5
Q

The LDR in Photosystem II starts when sunlight hits the _______

A

Chlorophyll

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6
Q

(PS II)when sunlight hits the chlorophyll it causes it to lose__________

A

2 electrons

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7
Q

High energy from PS II move through an___________

A

Electron Transported Chain

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8
Q

Light absorbed by PS II is used to ___________

A

Split water

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9
Q

(PS II)When water is split it splits into___________

A

Hydrogen, Electrons, Oxygen

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10
Q

(PS II)The Oxygen given off from Photosynthesis is a _________

A

Waste Product

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11
Q

The electrons are used to ______ electrons lost from chlorophyll in PS II

A

Replace

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12
Q

(PS II)Hydrogen ions build up on the inside of the _________

A

Thylakoid Membrane

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13
Q

(PS II)Hydrogen ions pass through the __________ which produces a large amount of energy

A

ATP Synthase

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14
Q

(PS II)The large amount of energy produced is used to make __________

A

ATP molecules

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15
Q

(PS I) Light is absorbed by Chlorophyll causing it to ___________

A

Lose Electrons

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16
Q

(PS I) Thing that picks up the electrons lost and hydrogen ions and forms NADPH

A

NADP

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17
Q

(PS I)Electrons pass through the ETC from PS II to PS I, more ______ ions are pumped across the membrane

A

Hydrogen

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18
Q

(PS I)As hydrogen ions are pumped across the membrane, it increases the __________________ used to make ATP in PS II

A

Concentration Gradient

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19
Q

Electrons lost by chlorophyll in PS I are replaced by Electrons from _______

A

PS II

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20
Q

The replacement of electrons from PS I to PS II is called the _________ pathway of ATP and NADPH

A

noncyclic

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21
Q

Light independent Reactions take place in the _____ of the chloroplast

A

Stroma

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22
Q

Light Independent Reactions are also called_________

A

Calvin Cycle

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23
Q

Light Independent reactions use _______ and _______ which were made in Light Dependent Reactions

A

ATP and NADPH

24
Q

Light Independent Reactions also use

A

CO2`

25
Q

CO2 goes into the Carbon Dioxide Fixation Step from the

A

Atmosphere

26
Q

Fixed means

A

Attached to something

27
Q

Rubisco is______________

A

Enzyme: Helps Attach Carbon to RuBP

28
Q

_____ is reduced, gained an electron

A

G3P

29
Q

Glucose is the

A

Final Product

30
Q

Intermediate Products-

A

Made during reactions but is used in the same reaction

31
Q

Step 1- Carbon Fixation, Six molecules of CO2 combine with ________ with the help of the enzyme ______

A

RuBP, and Rubisco`

32
Q

Step 1- Carbon Fixation forms twelve molecules of ______

A

PGA

33
Q

Step 2- Reduction, PGA combines with energy from_____

A

ATP

34
Q

The molecule NADPH adds Hydrogen and Electrons to form twelve molecules of_____

A

G3P

35
Q

Step three- Regeneration, Ten of the Twelve molecules of G3P are used to make _________ after energy from ATP is added

A

RuBP

36
Q

Step three- Regeneration, The 2 other molecules of G3P are used to make _______ which is the final product

A

Glucose

37
Q

Leaf structure- What is a Mesophyll

A

Middle of the leaf, tightly packed cells are where sunlight mainly hits, where photosynthesis occurs

38
Q

Leaf structure- What is a Guard Cell

A

Controls the opening and closing of stomata under the leaf

39
Q

Leaf structure- what is a Cuticle

A

The waxy coating on the top of the leaf prevents water loss

40
Q

Leaf structure- What arte the Bundle Sheath Cells

A

Cells that surround the vascular bundle

41
Q

Leaf structure- What are the veins

A

Xylem- Water moves up the plant Phloem- Glucose moves down the plant

42
Q

Leaf structure- What is the Epidermis

A

The top layer of the lead, the outer layer

43
Q

Leaf structure- When water leaves the guard cell the stomata is _____

A

Closed

44
Q

Leaf structure- When water enters the guard cell the stomata is____

A

Open

45
Q

The purpose of Stomata is to_________

A

Control what goes in and out of the cell

46
Q

When stomata is closed_________ cannot be exchanged

A

O2 and CO2

47
Q

O2 builds up inside the______ when its hot or cold

A

Leaf

48
Q

______ attaches to O2 instead of CO2 when its hot or cold

A

Rubisco

49
Q

Hot or cold temps can slow the

A

Calvin Cycle

50
Q

C3 plant makes ____ first

A

PGA

51
Q

C4 and CAM- Both use a different enzyme when the stroma is_____

A

Closed

52
Q

Fixes Co2 into oxaloacetate make before ____

A

PGA

53
Q

Plant type C4

A

Corn, Sugar cane

54
Q

Plant type CAM

A

Succulents, Cactus, Pineapple

55
Q

CAM: During the night the stomata is

A

open

56
Q

CAM: During the day the stomata is

A

Closed

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