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Derm > Photobiology and Photosensitive dermatoses > Flashcards

Photobiology and Photosensitive dermatoses Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What is included in optical radiation?

A

UV, visible light and infrared

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2
Q

UV radiation exists at wavelengths above/below that of visible light

A

below

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3
Q

What are the ranges of wavelengths for UVA, UVB, and UVC light?

A

UVA–> 320-400
UVB–> 280-320
UVC–> 200-280

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4
Q

What UV radiation causes aging?

A

UVA

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5
Q

What is minimal erythema dose (MED)

A

the minimal amount of a particular wavelength of light capable of causing redness of the skin

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6
Q

The effect of absorption depends on the _______, the molecule that absorbs light energy in the skin

A

Chromophore

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7
Q

a chromphore can absorb what kind of light rays?

A

UVA, UVB or both

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8
Q

What effects does UV light have on DNA?

A

UVB suppresses DNA synthesis which mediates anti-inflammatory effects on the skin

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9
Q

What effects does UV light have on melanin?

A

stimulates the melanocyte

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10
Q

What effects does UV light have on protein?

A

collagen and elastic fiber degeneration—> results in photoaging

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11
Q

What are often treated by laser therapies?

A

dyschromia and pigmented skin lesions
telangiectasias
vascular neoplasms

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12
Q

lasers that target water are specifically used for what kind of pathology?

A

warts

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13
Q

What is a Fitzpatrick skin type IV?

A

never burns always tans

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14
Q

What is a Fitzpatrick skin type V

A

moderately pigmented skin

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15
Q

What does Immediate tanning result from ?

A

UVA exposure from the oxidation of melanin

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16
Q

What does Delayed tanning result from?

A

UVA and UVB exposure–> increased # of melanocytes, increased melanin synthesis and increased association of melanosomes with keratinocytes

17
Q

What are the pro-inflammatory properties of UV exposure?

A

sunburns, phototoxic and photoallergic reactions

18
Q

What are the anti-inflammatory properties of UV exposure?

A

used to treat dieases like psoriasis and atopic dermatitis

19
Q

Describe some common features of phototoxic reactions

A

Manifested by redness, swelling, and burning/stinging
sun-protected sites are spared
onset within 24 hours
NOT immune related so may occur upon first exposure

20
Q

What is Phytodermatisis?

A

occurs following exposure to caustic plant material coupled with UV light
plants may contain furocoumarins which is a photosensitizer

21
Q

What is the differences between phototoxic reactions and photoallergic?

A

Photoallergic has delayed onset because it is immune related
Photoallergic has redness and itching
Phototoxic has redness, swelling and burning/stinging

22
Q

What is a common causative agent of photoallergic reactions

A

sulfa drugs

23
Q

What is the clinical presentation of PMLE

A

itching, edema, pink, papules coalescing into plaques and vesicles of sun-exposed skin

24
Q

What is the treatment of PMLE?

A

avoid sun, topical corticosteroids, and possible phototherapy

25
Q

What are some common features of XP

A

autosomal recessive
caused by impaired DNA nucleotides excision repair
30% risk to develop neurologic abnormalities

26
Q

What is the phototherapy recommendation for psoriasis?

A

narrow band UBV (311nm)

27
Q

What is psoralen?

A

medication that increases the absorption of UV light and the subsequent anti-inflammatory properties (most often used with UVA)

28
Q

what are examples of physical blockers of sunscreen?

A

zinc oxide and titanium dioxide

29
Q

What are UVA blockers?

A

Benxophenones
Avobenzone
Mexoryl
Titanium dioxide/Zinc oxide

30
Q

What are UVB blockers?

A 
PABA
Padimate O
Salicylates
Cinnamates
Titanium dioxide/ zinc oxide
31
Q

What is SPF?

A

The ratio of time development of minimal erythema dose compared to the onset of erythema in unprotected skin
SOLELY DUE TO UVB EXPOSURE

Derm (9 decks)

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