Phosphorylation Modification Flashcards
Chapter 3
In eukaryotes, what are the three amino acids which are affected by phosphorylation?
serine, threonine, tyrosine
In prokaryotes, what are the two amino acids affected by phosphorylation?
histidine and aspartate (aspartic acid)
Which amino acid is this and what kinase/phosphatase manipulates it?
serine
ser/thr kinase/phosphatase
Which amino acid is this and what kinase/phosphatase manipulates it?
threonine
ser/thr phosphatase
Which amino acid is this and what kinase/phosphatase manipulates it?
tyrosine
tyrosine kinase/phosphatase
What is the function called that is the key mechanism for altering the structure and function of target proteins?
protein phosphorylation
Why is protein phosphorylation so common?
1) ATP hydrolysis drives the reaction
2) thermo. instability vs kinetic stability
3) “on” or “off” switch
How many genes do we have in our genome?
20,000-23,000 genes
What does this depict?
local distribution
unravels the alpha-helix by adding phosphate
disrupts the structure
What does this depict?
local ordering
stabilizes the alpha-helix by adding phosphate
induces the structure
Engaging a ____ bond at the N-terminal can neutralize intrinsic dipole moment of the alpha-helix.
hydrogen
a double charged phosphate group can participate in an electrostatic interaction with ____ side chains.
arginine
What does this depict?
long-range distribution
preventing ligand binding via steric hinderance
What does this depict?
long-range ordering
promotes new long range interactions
