Phosphorus

Question 1

phosphorus range

Answer 1

2.5-4.5

Question 2

inverse relationship with which electrolyte?

Answer 2

calcium (low phosphate, high Ca+ )

Question 3

absorbed

Answer 3

intestines

Question 4

secreted

Answer 4

kidneys

Question 5

functions?

Answer 5

-bone and teeth formation
-repair cell tissues/energy production through ATP
-nervous system
-muscle function

Question 6

regulated by?

Answer 6

PTH and calcitriol

Question 7

high in what foods

Answer 7

dairy, meats/beans

Question 8

hypophosphatemia causes

Answer 8

-malnutrition / starvation
-increased phosphorus excretion - hyperparathyroidism (high Ca, low Phos), malignancy, diuretics/diarrhea, use of magnesium/aluminum antacids (increases Ca, decreases phos)

Question 9

hypophosphatemia signs/symptoms

Answer 9

-cardio : decreased BP,HR
-GI ; hypoactive bowel sounds
-GU ; kidney stones
-neuro: altered LOC
-musc : severe muscle weakness
-bone pain/fractures

Question 10

hypophosphatemia interventions

Answer 10

-replace phos IV/PO - give slow, admin oral phos with vitamin D
-fracture precautions

Question 11

hyperphosphatemia causes

Answer 11

-increase phos intake
-overuse of laxatives
-renal insufficiency = decreased excretion
-hyperparathyroidism
-hypocalcemia

Question 12

hyperphosphatemia signs and symptoms

Answer 12

-GI ; diarrhea, hyperactive bowel sounds
-neuromuscular : positive trousseaus, chvosteks , painful muscle spasms, hyperactive DTR, irritable skeletal muscles (tetany, twtiches)
-osteoporosis (body trying to get more Ca+)

Question 13

hyperphosphatemia interventions

Answer 13

-replace calcium (IV,PO) ; IV Ca+ gluconate, Vit D (PO), tums
-initate seizure precautions
-move pt carefully
-educate on calcium rich foods