Phospholipids Flashcards by Rachel Smith | Brainscape

Q

Phosphatidylcholine

AKA

A

Lecithin

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Q

Phosphatidylcholine

Function

A

MC in Body

Concentrated in lung surfactant

Helps organize lipid bilayer

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Q

Phosphatidylserine

A

Highest concentration of n-3 and n-6 at sn-2

Marker for apoptosis

Clotting

Bone formation

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Q

Phosphatidylethanolamine

A

Highly concentrated in brain and liver

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Q

Phosphatidylglycerol

A

Precursor to cardiolipin

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Q

Cardiolipin

A

Found in inner mitochondrial membrane

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Q

Phosphatidylinositol

A

Membrane anchoring and cell signaling

Involved in phospholipase C pathway

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Q

Phosphatidylserine found normally

A

Inner leaflet of plasma membrane

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Q

When phosphatidylserine moves to outer leaflet, it signals

A

WBC for apoptosis

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Q

Ether phospholipids

A

Have ethers bond rather than ester bond

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Q

Main ether phospholipids in body

A

Plasmologen

Platelet activating factor

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Q

Plasmalogen

Polar head

A

Ethanolamine

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Q

Plasmalogen

Function

A

Concentrated in brain, heat, nerve, and muscle tissue

50% of phospholipids in brain

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Q

Platelet activating factor

Polar head

A

Choline

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Q

Platelet activating factor

Function

A

Stimulates clotting

Activates protein kinase C

Causes inflammation

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Q

Parent of all sphingolipids is

A

Ceramide

Q

Ceramide made of

A

Sphingosine + FA

Q

Ceramide important in

A

Cell signaling

Regulation of cell death

Water permeability of skin

Q

Too much ceramide can cause

A

Inflammation

Cell death

Q

Ceramide derivatives

A

Sphingomyelin
Ganglioside
Cerebroside
Globoside

Q

Sphingomyelin made of

A

Sphingosine
FA
Phosphate
Cholin

Q

Cerebrosides

A

+1 sugar

Usually glucose or galactose

Q

Globoside

A

+2 sugars

Usually glucose, galactose, or N-acetylgalactosamine

Q

Ganglioside

A

+3 or more

Sugars + N-acetylneuraminic Acid

Q

Phospholipase A1

A

Cleaves FA off sn-1

Q

Phospholipase A2

A

Cleaves FA on sn-2

Q

Phospholipase C

A

Cleaves phosphate and polar head

Q

Phospholipase D

A

Cleaves polar head

Q

Accumulation of gangliosides will cause

A

Tay-Sachs

Sandhoff’s

Blindness, muscle weakness

Q

Accumulation of cerebrosides

A

Gaucher (gluco)

Krabbe (galacto)

CNS impairment

Q

Accumulation of ceramide

A

Farber

Joint deformity

Q

Accumulation of sphingomyelin

A

Niemann-Pick

Neurodegeneration