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Biochemistry > Chap. 1 Foundations Of Biochemistry > Flashcards

Chap. 1 Foundations Of Biochemistry Flashcards

1
Q

Biochemistry

A

Study of life at molecular level

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2
Q

Features of living organisms

A
  1. Complex, highly organized
  2. Extract, transform, use energy from environment
  3. Coordinated changes (dynamic)
  4. Mechanisms for sensing and responding to changes in environment
  5. Self-replicate
  6. Change over time by gradual evolution
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3
Q

Plasma Membrane

A

Phospholipid bilayer
Separates cell from exterior
Controls movement in/out of cell

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4
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Liquid = cytosol

Place of biochemical processes

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5
Q

Nucleus

A

DNA/RNA synthesis (transcription)

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6
Q

Mitochondria

A

Generate ATP

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7
Q

Rough ER

A

Studded with ribosomes- make protein

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8
Q

Smooth ER

A

Produces lipids

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9
Q

Golgi Complex

A

Sorts proteins made by RER and adds specificity

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10
Q

Lysosomes

A

Contains digestive enzymes

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11
Q

Peroxisome

A

Contains oxidative enzymes used to protect cell

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12
Q

In vitro

A

Performed in lab

Helps determine cellular mechanisms

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13
Q

In vivo

A

Done in whole/living organisms

Difficult to control all variables

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14
Q

4 essential elements for life

A

Hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon

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15
Q

4 Biomolecules

A

Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Lipids
Carbohydrates

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16
Q

Proteins

A

Signaling molecules, receptors, enzymes, structure, immunity

17
Q

Nucleic Acids

A

Information Keepers

DNA/RNA

18
Q

Lipids

A

Membranes, energy storage

19
Q

Carbohydrates

A

Energy, cell recognition

20
Q

Esters (examples)

A

Wax

Triglycerides

21
Q

Primary Alcohol
Secondary Alcohol
Tertiary Alcohol

A

1 carbon attached to carbon w/ functional group
2 Cs “ “
3 Cs “ “

22
Q

Organic

A

Contains hydrocarbon

23
Q

Oxidation

A

Lose electron (dehydrogenation)

Biochemistry (7 decks)

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