phonological acquisition Flashcards
What is phonological acquisition?
The process through which individuals acquire the ability to produce and understand the sounds of their language.
True or False: Phonological acquisition refers to the development of writing skills.
False
What are phonemes?
The smallest units of sound that can distinguish words in a language.
Fill in the blank: Phonological acquisition involves the learning of ____________ in a language.
phonemes
What is the role of phonological awareness in phonological acquisition?
The ability to recognize and manipulate the sounds of language.
who states that language is inate and preprogrammmed due to universal language? (LAD)
chomsky.
first stage of acquisition?
holophrastic - 1 word utterances.
What are some factors that can influence phonological acquisition?
Language exposure, genetics, environment, and cognitive abilities.
second stage of acquisition?
two word stage.
What is the critical period hypothesis in relation to phonological acquisition?
The idea that there is a limited window of time during which language acquisition, including phonological acquisition, is most successful.
What is the role of babbling in phonological acquisition?
Babbling allows infants to practice producing sounds and eventually leads to the development of speech sounds.
third stage of acquisition?
telegraphic - 3+ words combined.
fourth stage of acquisition?
post telegraphic- grammatically correct and complex combinations.
what are the 4 types of sound and an example of each?
plosive - b,d,p
fricative - v,s,h
africative - ‘dg’
nasals - m,n
which types of sound come first?
plosives, fricatives, africatives.
What is morphology?
changing a word in order to create a new meaning.
what is universal grammar?
Chomsky’s idea that we all have LAD naturally to learn language and grammar.
what is a dipthong?
sound formed by combination of two vowels in one syllable.
what is statistical analysis?
process of elimination of what sounds make certain words.
what is deletion?
omitting final consonant of a word.
what is substitution?
substituting one sound for another.
what is addition?
adding extra vowel sounds to the end of words to make it more rhythmic. eg doggy.
what is reduplication?
repeating a whole syllable eg mama.
what is a consonant cluster reduction?
sounds with two consonants which can be difficult to articulate so are reduced to smaller units. eg ‘cr’, ‘pl’
name the 6 main methods that children use to make language more accessible to them.
deletion, substitution, addition, consonant cluster reduction, reduplication, reduction of unstressed syllables.
what did Cruttenden find about prosody?
children under 7 are less likely to understand prosodic features like raising intonation. eg anouncing football winners.
who found that children could understand a word before actually being able to say it?
Berko and Gleason - fis = fish not fis.
what does Skinner say that behavourism suggests?
language is acquired through repetition and positive reinforcement.
social interactionism emphasises what?
role of the caregiver in development.
who are social interactionists?
Piaget and Vygotsky.
