Phonic test Flashcards
What are semantic cues?
Involves drawing on knowledge of the world and the world of the text. What type of character would you meet in fairy tale? What might you hear on a farm? Are meaningful relations among words. A reader needs to know the meaning of words and have some knowledge of the subject matter in order to understand text.
What are synthetic phonics?
Children learn how to convert letter combination into sounds and how to blend the sound or recognisable words. In phonics children learn the sound or phoneme for each letter or grapheme or group of letters so words are broken to smallest speech sounds. Use this knowledge letter sounds to read whole words. Child sees word they’ll segment it or break it then blend sounds together aka synthesising which is where we get synthetic phonics from. For example phoneme c-a-t synthesising cat.
What is segmenting?
Remember individual sounds that make the word we need to recall letters and speech sound to help remember word.
What is a phoneme?
Smallest unit of sound in a word. For example “hat” has 3 phonemes “h” “a” and “t”. Awareness in this involves knowing that words are made up of sounds; knowing what these sounds are; being able to spot them when you hear the word.
What is a phoneme?
Smallest unit of sound in a word. For example “hat” has 3 phonemes “h” “a” and “t”. Awareness in this involves knowing that words are made up of sounds; knowing what these sounds are; being able to spot them when you hear the word.
What is a grapheme?
A grapheme is a written symbol that represents a sound. This can be a sequence of letters, such as ai, sh, ligh, tech etc. So when a child says the sound and this is a phoneme, when they write letter “t” this is a grapheme.
A way of writing down a phoneme. Graphemes can be made up from 1 letter e.g. p, 2 letters e.g. sh, 3 letters e.g. tch or 4 letters e.g ough.
What is oral blending?
Hearing a series of spoken sounds and blending them together to make a
spoken word. No text is used. Fred says b-u-s so children say “bus”. So b- a -t “bat.”
This involves hearing phonemes and being able to merge them together to make a word. Children need to develop this skill before they will be able to blend written words.
What is oral segmenting?
Identifying the individual sounds in a spoken word. Teacher says “bus”and children say B-U-S.
This is the act hearing a whole word and then splitting it up into the phonemes that make it. Children need to develop this skill before they will be able to segment words to spell them.
What is segmenting?
Identify the sounds in a word and then write the appropriate letters down. We can spell some sounded in different ways cape paid say they weight.
This involves hearing a word, splitting it up into the phonemes that make it, using knowledge of GPCs to work out which graphemes represent those phonemes and then writing those graphemes down in the right order. This is the basis of spelling.
What is a digraph?
2 letters that make one sound or phoneme for instance sh - in shop oo - in poo ll - wall.
A grapheme containing two letters that makes just one sound (phoneme).
What is a split digraph?
A digraph where the letters are not adjacent (not near) magic e - split “e” a-e as in “cape” or o-e as in code. They contain 2 letters (a-e, e-e, I-e, o-e and u-e) but they are split between a consonant example make, bike and pure.
What are trigraph?
Three letters that make one sound or phoneme igh-high dge-judge.
A grapheme containing three letters that makes just one sound (phoneme).
What are quadgraph?
Four letters that make one sound or phoneme eigh - weigh ough - through.
What is a consonant cluster?
Name given to 2 or 3 consonants that appear together in a word. Each consonant retains its sound when blended. The term cluster refers to the written form and the term blend refers the spoken form. Examples of clusters with 3 consonant sound s are str in string, sks in tasks they are nonsense words.
Two or more adjacent consonants in a word that each make
their own individual sound when the word is spoken
What is a grapho - phonic cues
The ability to decode graphemes into sounds. Blending, Fred Talk; sounding out. Are connections between printed letters and the sound they represent. This is an example of the sequencing of this system: letter names, consonant sounds, vowels, syllables.
