Phobias Acquisition And maintenance

Question 1

Phobias

Answer 1

Group of mental disorders characterized by disprop lev of anxiety and fear in response to particular stimulus eg fear of obj arachnophobia or social phobia

Question 2

Mower 2 process model

Answer 2

Phobias learnt thru int w enviro via acq= cc and maintened via oc

Question 3

Acquisition

Answer 3

NS astd w aversive UCS= cr of fear to CS
Eg albert had phobia of white fury objects

Question 4

Maintenance

Answer 4

Learning occurs thru reinforcement and pst
As reinforcement Inc freq of behaviour reoccurring so maintenance occurs thru neg reinforcement by avoiding unpleasant situations

Question 5

Cycle of avoidance

Answer 5

Fear of dog by cc causes anxiety
Avoid fear eg dog
Reduce anxiety which is desirable consequence
Neg reinforce avoidance and strengthen fear

Question 6

Social learning of phobia acquisition

Answer 6

Cook and mineka sug axq via observational learning
Eg attention observe mom avoiding cat
Retention rehearse info
Reproduction mimic behaviour of avoidance
Motivation intrinsic or Vic rein

Question 7

Strength

Answer 7

I supporting evidence from humans and animals
J aq fear response to non threatening obj eg albert learnt to fear white fury obj via cc by astd and rats showed avoidance to aversive stimuli as neg reinforcement so anxiety red
E Inc validity of learning theories a exp for phobias

Question 8

Weakness

Answer 8

I can’t explain some phenomena astd w acq of phobias
J seligman acq certain behaviours more than others eg fear of snakes and darks easily learnt than cars
E preprogrammed to aq fears hazardous in ev past so learning incomp exp for phobias w ev comp