Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Vascular Plants Lab > Phlym Monilophyta-Classes Psilotopsida And Equisetopsida > Flashcards

Phlym Monilophyta-Classes Psilotopsida And Equisetopsida Flashcards

1
Q

Phylum Monilophyta
Class Psilotopsida

-roots
-leaf type
-plant consists of
-vascular tissue of aerial stems and rhizomes are what stele
-sporangia type

A

Primitive and least complex of any living vascular plants

-no roots
-prophylls (scale like with no vascular tissue)
-dichotomously branched axes arising from subterranean, rootless rhizomes
-protosteles
-synangia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Synangia

A

United sporangia borne on short, lateral branches and hence are cauline

Trilobed sporangia structure in Psilotum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What generation is dominant in Class Psilotopsida

A

Sporophyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

In class Psilotopsida, the sporophyte and gametophyte generations are _____ at maturity

A

Independent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Gametophytes of Psilotopsida are

A

Cylindrical, subterranean, saprophytic, and their sperms are multi-flagellate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Phylum Monilophyta
Class Psilotopsida
Order Psilotales

-common name

A

-Psilotum (whisk fern)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Psilotum lacks which organs

A

Leaves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Whisk ferns are found where

A

Tropical and subtropical regions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

True or false

Prophylls lack vascular tissue

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Phlobaphene

A

Complex tannin molecule which deters herbivores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Psilotum stele

A

Protostele (actinostele)

Or

Siphonostele

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Large sporangia of Psilotum are of which sporangia type and what spore type

A

Eusporangiate
Homosporous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Psilotum gametophyte characteristics

A

-cylindrical
-1cm long
-covered in rhizoids
-lack chlorophyll
-saprophytic
-dichotomous branching
-subterranean habitat
-monoecious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Antheridia and archegonia of Psilotum

A

Antheridia: Hemispherical, protrude slightly, single layer of jacket cells that cover multiflagellate sperm

Archegonia: partially sunken, short neck cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Tmesipteris sp.

Taxonomy

A

Phylum Monilophyta
Class Psilotopsida
Order Psilotales

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Tmesipteris sp. characteristics

-habitat
-rhizomes
-aerial branches
-leaf type
-Synangia

A

-pendulous epiphyte on trunks of tropical tree ferns or terrestrial and erect
-branching, rhizoids-bearing rhizomes to anchor
-may be unbranched or undergo one or several dichotomies
-Telomes (single central unbranched vein)
-bilobed and subtended by a pair of bracts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Phylum Monilophyta
Class Equisetopsida

Only present species

A

Equisetum sp.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Class Equisetopsida

-habitat
-roots, stems and leaves
-steles of stems
-Sporangia
-spore type
-sperm type

A

-Vascular terrestrial plants
-roots, stems and whorled leaves
-protostelic or siphonstelic
-Eusporangia- sporangiophores (branches which bear sporangia arranged in whorls)
-Homosporous
-multiflagellate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Order Equisetales

-habitat
-common name

A

-many different but not Antarctica
-horsetails (branches into species, scouring rushes (unbranched species),

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Genus Equisetum

-what is the dominant organ
-leaves
-leaf base is fused with what?
-most photosynthesis occurs where?

A

-stem
Dry and scale like but are photosynthetic for a short period of time after they form.
-collar
-stem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The cells of the epidermis of Equisetum contain what

A

Silica in cell walls

Makes plant very tough and abrasive

(Scorching rushes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

In Equisetum sp. the roots are ______ in origin, and arise at the __________ or their _______

A

Adventitious

Base of lateral branches

Node primordia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Equisetum sp.

Root hairs arise from what cell types

The occasional branch root will develop endogenously meaning what?

A

Peculiar
Cubical
Epidermal

From inside of the root from pericycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Equisetum sp.

-spore type
-sporangia located where
-sporogenous tissue of young sporangium surrounded by…

A

-Homosporous
-strobilus
-tapetum (nutritious layer in sporangium), and a wall several cells thick

25
Q

E. hyemale strobili

E. arvense strobili

A

Strobili develop at the tips of vegetative axes.

Usually borne on a non-chlorophyllous fertile branch that develops from the rhizome. Rhizome begin to produce green vegetative branches as the strobilate branches mature. The axis of the strobilus produces a series of surface enlargements each which grows into a sporangium-bearing structure called a sporangiophore (not Sporophylls)

26
Q

As spore development continues, the walls of the tapetum break down and the released materials contributed to the _______

A

Nutrition of the developing spores

27
Q

Spore structure of Equisetum sp.

A

The alls try crude if the mature spores is complex. The outermost wall layer consisting of four spirally arranged portions. These separate at the time of sporangium dehiscence, so that each spore bears 3 somewhat Espoo like appendages called elaters. These are hygroscopic and are quickly affected by slight changes in humidity

28
Q

The production of seeds occurs in

A

Cycadophyta, Cycadeoidophyta, Pteridospermophyta, Ginkgophyta, Coniferophyta, and Gnetophyta (all gymnospemrs), and Anthophyta (angiosperms)

29
Q

Gymnosperm meaning

A

Naked seeds or unprotected seeds

-plants whos seeds are borne on or in specified organs of the sporophyte plant or the ovules, which mature into seeds are borne in an exposed position on the Sporophylls

30
Q

Angiosperm meaning

A

Seeds are enclosed in a structure variously known as a carpel, pistil or megapsporophyll

Flowering plants

31
Q

All Angiosperms and gymnosperms are ______

A

Heterosporous

32
Q

Gametophytes of angiosperms and gymnosperms

A

-non photosynthetic
-dependent on sporophyte
-sperm are independent, free-swimming, flagellated
-young embryo with its supply of nutrients is enclosed within a desiccation resistant seed coat

33
Q

Phylum Cycadophyta

Common name

A

Woody gymnosperms

34
Q

Phylum Cycadophyta
-stems
-leaves

A

-unbranched, upright stems
-large pinnate fronds (megaphylls)

35
Q

Phylum Cycadophyta

Cycas sp.

Mature gametophyte characteristics

A

-3 cells: small prothallial cell, generative cell and a large tube cell
-double wall: outer wall is the exine, inner covering is the intine

36
Q

Phylum Cycadophyta

Zamia sp.

Characteristics
-stem
-roots
-apex of stem

A

-short, vertical conical stem that tapers towards base
-fleshy roots at the base of stem
-supports a crown of spirally arranged, leathery, dark green, pinnately compound leaves

37
Q

Zamia sp.

Vegetative structures

A

Fleshy stem, thinning into a taproot, leaves with long petioles and parallel venation

38
Q

Zamia xerophytism characterisitcs

A

-epidermis of leaves is thicker heavily in the outer walls
-stomata are present only on lower surface of the pinnae and are sunken
-thick walled hypodermics below the upper epidermis

39
Q

Zamia mesophyll: 2 layers or 1

A

2 - palisade and spongy zones

40
Q

In cycads and in all sees plants, ____ types of spores are produced

A

2

One type produces male gametophyte and other produces female gametophytes

Spore that develops into male=microspore from microsporangia

Spore that develops into female=megaspore from mega sporangia

41
Q

The mega sporangia and microsporangia of Zamia are segregated into different ____, which are produced by different individuals. This segregation into female and male plants is known as _____

A

Strobili

Dioecism

42
Q

The microsporangia are attached to the ____ surface of each microsporophyll in Zamia

A

abaxial

43
Q

The megastobili of Zamia are _______ in structure and are produced on _____.

The mega Sporophylls are _____ structures attached to the axis of the strobilus by ____.

Each megasporophyll bears ____, ____ white ovules

A

Massive

Female Zamia plants

Dark brown

Stipes

2, large

44
Q

How many layers of the integument does Zamia have?

A

3

45
Q

Phylum Ginkgophyta

One last species name

A

Ginkgo biloba

“Maidenhair tree”

46
Q

Ginkgo biloba

-stem
-coniferous or deciduous

A

Stems have Vascular cambium and produce seasonal growth rings

Deciduous, new leaves every year

47
Q

Dimorphism of branches in Ginkgo

A

The elongate main axes are known as long shoots. The older portions of the long shoots bear a number of short lateral branches, the short shoots (spur shoots). These develop from the lateral buds of long shoots after the first season.

Each shoot produces a cluster of leaves each season.

48
Q

Ginkgo leaves

A

Leaves of the seedlings are deeply lobed, and those of the short shoot are almost entire.

The two vascular traces of the petiole form as they enter the blade, where they undergo repeated dichotomies.

Stomata occur exclusively on the abaxial surface of the leaves

49
Q

Sporangia of Ginkgo

A

Microsporangia and ovules (megapsorangia) are borne in super are individuals, hence like the cycads, members of this group are dioecious.

50
Q

Microstrobilus of Ginkgo

A

Each Microstrobilus is composed of an axis that bears spirally arranged microsporophylls.

51
Q

Microsporophyll of Ginkgo

A

Each bears two elongate microsporangia.

52
Q

Ovules of Ginkgo

A

Not borne on strobil, but occur in pairs, at the tips of stalks or peduncles

53
Q

Both male and female sporangia of Ginkgo, and their support structures arise among the ______in early spring

A

Vegetative leaves if the short shoot

54
Q

Cauline

A

Short branches

55
Q

In Tmesipteris sp.

The leaves are

A

Flattened stems

56
Q

The mega sporangium with integument is now called the

A

Nucellus

57
Q

The ovule contains the _____ which develops from the ______

A

Megagametophyte

Megaspore

58
Q

A seed is a ______ ovule

A

Fertilized

Vascular Plants Lab (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions