philosophy test revision

Question 1

IPPC reports that we need to limit the global average temperature to what?

Answer 1

1.5C

Question 2

To do this by 2030, what percent of CO2 emissions needs to be reduced?

Answer 2

45%

Question 3

To limit warming to 2C, there needs to be how much of a reduction in CO2 emissions?

Answer 3

25%

Question 4

What increase are we at present?

Answer 4

1.07C

Question 5

How long do emissions stay in the atmosphere?

Answer 5

Most 100 years, some a millennium

Question 6

Mollendorf article? and what does he favour?

Answer 6

Justice vs responsibility - favours latter

Question 7

What are the two main considerations?

Answer 7

future generations and todays global poor

Question 8

What is a large problem of climate justice?

Answer 8

weighing the two previous considerations against the present globally well-off

Question 9

What did the South Africa case accuse Israel of?

Answer 9

Genocide. Specifically, violating the 1948 Genocide Convention

Question 10

Was Israels resort to war justified and what did SA think of it?

Answer 10

For this course, we’ll assume Israel had a just cause due to being attacked and defending themselves. SA does not argue that Israel did not have a just cause, they argue that Israels response has been genocidal in its intent and effect.

Question 11

Does Israel meet the criteria of jus ad bellum?

Answer 11

Even if Israel had a just cause, it does not meet the requirements of right intention, proportionality and necessity.

Question 12

What did Yoav Gallant, the Israeli minister of defence order?

Answer 12

“I have ordered a complete siege on the Gaza Strip”…“We are fighting human animals and are acting accordingly.”

Question 13

What did Raz Segal and Penny Green argue?

Answer 13

“intent in the genocide case against Israel is not hard to prove”

Question 14

How many statements has the law of Palestine collected that show evidence of Israelis intent for genocide

Answer 14

500

Question 15

How many Palestinians have been displaced in Gaza?

Answer 15

85-90%

Question 16

How do the Israeli actions fail to meet the criteria of Jus in bello?

Answer 16

They do not discriminate between combatants and noncombatants
They fail to meet the criteria of proportionality and necessity

Question 17

How does the jus ad bellum criteria evaluate the war?

Answer 17

As a whole. They weigh whether the likely goods of war are outweighed by the likely evils.

Question 18

What did Judge White say and when?

Answer 18

In the US Federal Court Ruling, Judge White stated that, “There is now on the record uncontradicted evidence that there is a genocide in progress.”

Question 19

What does reaching an equitable agreement on climate change require?

Answer 19

Historical responsibilities to be acknowledged

Question 20

Who is unlikely to benefit from these ethical considerations?

Answer 20

particularly vulnerable countries

Question 21

What are the four principles of allocating burdens associated with climate change?

Answer 21

Grandfathering, historical responsibility, carbon intensity, equal per capita emissions

Question 22

What are Kyoto-based agreements based on and what does Kahn believe is a fairer method?

Answer 22

production within countries - consumption agreement

Question 23

What are the three broad principles of climate justice?

Answer 23

Polluter pays, ability to pay, beneficiary pays

Question 24

What was the quote about market-based solutions?

Answer 24

“We need to stop funding the problem and start funding the solution”

Question 25

Realists

Answer 25

Think that once fighting starts, all morality goes out the window (All fairs in love and war)

Question 26

Within the context of international paretianism suggests what?

Answer 26

To be acceptable, any treaty must be such that all states judge themselves better off by it.

Question 28

Pacifists

Answer 28

Hold that no morality could license or apply to the horrors of war

Question 29

Just war theory

Answer 29

middle ground. War is over governed by rules. Not a case of anything goes. reflected by international law

Question 30

Traditionalists

Answer 30

legalists, views led by international law, only states, only for national defence

Question 31

revisionists

Answer 31

challenge traditionalists, question moral standing states and permissibility of defence

Question 32

jus ad bellum

Answer 32

justice of resorting to war

Question 33

jus ad bellum

Answer 33

justice of how war is fought

Question 34

zionism

Answer 34

Jewish state in area , must be jewish majority