Large Language Models Flashcards
What are the four universal properties of human language?
Displacement, productivity, arbitrariness, semanticity
What has affected Maori’s understanding of language?
Te Reo Maori being banned in education, urban migration causing Maori to be surrounded by the dominant Western understanding of language - therefore altering their perception to the English perception. By the 21st Century, Maori had repurposed to English colours.
When does colour naming emerge in cognitive development in children?
The pre operational stage - ages 2-7
What are the thinking styles of Western and Maori?
Western - analytic - propositional - focus on objects and properties
Maori - procedural - holistic/individualistic - emphasises context and relationship between interactions
What two factors influence Maori understanding of language?
Matauranga and Tikanga
What is a transformer?
ChatGPT, Gemini etc
What are the 5 factors of language?
Pragmatics, semantics, syntax, morphology, phonetics
What is the McGurk effect?
Speech is multi-sensory. We don’t “hear” sound, we hear a percept that is mostly influenced by air pressure waves.
Why is speech perception so hard?
segmentation, co-articulation, individual differences
How does arbitrariness help language structure?
It allows flexibility and change
How does iconicity affect grammar?
Different countries have different iconicity - the way sentences in Japanese are ordered would be considered grammatically incorrect in English
What are there solutions to speech perception being hard?
Visual cues, context, language experience
how do large language models predict the next word in an utterance
statistical probability and context
how does reinforcement learning help bots like chatgpt
to respond appropriately
How does the concept of colour as a cultural construct relate to language and
cognition?
language and cognition shape how colours are perceived in different cultures
