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300 YTT > Philosophy & Subtle Anatomy > Flashcards

Philosophy & Subtle Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is dualism?

A

separation from something else; body and mind are separate

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2
Q

What is non dualism?

A

lack of separation; body-mind are linked

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3
Q

What does dualism ask of us?

A

How we relate to something, and how we embody it.

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4
Q

Is Patanjali dualist or non-dualist?

A

dualist

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5
Q

What is opposite action/counter poses?

A

pratikrya asana

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6
Q

What are tattvas used for?

A

To explain the structure and origin of the universe.

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7
Q

Name the three gunas.

A
  1. sattva
  2. raja
  3. tamas
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8
Q

What does sattva mean?

A

clarity, lightness; it is a sense of being fulfilled

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9
Q

What does raja mean?

A

active and in motion; it is an energy increase

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10
Q

What does tamas mean?

A

heavy, dull, and dark; it is an energy decrease that results from confusion

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11
Q

What do the Upanishads suggest in relation to behavior and social structure?

A

Polarity of behaviors (good or bad) leads to finding order.

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12
Q

What main inquiry do the Upanishads focus on?

A

what is our purpose; why are we here

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13
Q

What does dharma mean?

A

purpose

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14
Q

How does dharma relate to an asana practice?

A

The tools for becoming clearer on finding one’s purpose are found in yoga.

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15
Q

How does dualism consider the spiritual universe?

A

The whole of it all is separate from the inner self.

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16
Q

How does samkhya philosophy consider the universe?

A

The entire universe is separated into forces of purusha (consciousness) and prakritti (materiality).

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17
Q

How is yoga a practice of action?

A

By taking steps to obtain a clearer knowledge about ourselves and the whole of it all.

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18
Q

What tools does Patanjali suggest for calming the mind?

A

asana and pranayama

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19
Q

What qualities does Patanjali say an asana practice should reflect?

A
  1. steady
  2. firm/stable
  3. soft
  4. being present
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20
Q

What is pratyahara?

A

internal focus

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21
Q

Is tantric philosophy dualistic or non-dualistic?

A

non-dualistic

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22
Q

Per Samkhya philosophy, how do we find our way back to the Source?

A

By restoring balance and finding liberation.

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23
Q

What is purusha?

A

pure consciousness or spirit

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24
Q

What is prakriti?

A

Primordial matter; what is seen/appreciated. It is everything that is material.

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25
Q

How is yoga a tool for correcting the cosmic accident of combining purusha & prakriti?

A

By working backward through the gross elements, we return to pure consciousness. We return to the Source to see things clearly and accurately.

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26
Q

What are tattvas?

A

A descending hierarchy of principles that came with the creation of the universe. They are the result of the cosmic accident.

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27
Q

How many tattvas are there?

A

24

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28
Q

What are the gunas?

A

Essential qualities that are present in everything. The interaction and balances of the gunas create the tattvas.

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29
Q

What are nadis?

A

Energy channels through the body.

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30
Q

How does yoga stimulate awareness?

A

By expanding our field of perception, so our consciousness can notice tension or blockages. It connects the consciousness and the physical.

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31
Q

Where do chakras exist?

A

Where nadis cross paths.

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32
Q

How do we open blocked chakras?

A

By bringing awareness to places in the body that might be unnoticed, the chakra will spin or open - allowing energy to move through.

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33
Q

What is the primary nadi that travels along the center of the body?

A

sushumna channel

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34
Q

What does metaphysical mean?

A

abstract concepts or theory

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35
Q

Where did Carl Jung believe the main concentration of energy began?

A

the root chakra; base of the spine

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36
Q

What is the nadi that travels on the left of the spine?

A

ida

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37
Q

What is the nadi that travels on the right of the spine?

A

pingala

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38
Q

What does the ida nadi represent?

A

yin; the moon

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39
Q

What does the pingala nadi represent?

A

yang; the sun

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40
Q

What is shakti?

A

feminine energy that rises up

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41
Q

What is shiva?

A

masculine energy at the top of the head

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42
Q

What two dormant energies are awakened through conciousness?

A

shakti and shiva

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43
Q

Name all the chakras (via the common/English name).

A

root chakra
sacral chakra
solar plexus chakra
heart chakra
throat chakra
third eye chakra
crown chakra

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44
Q

What does the root chakra relate to?

A

grounding; how we care for ourselves

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45
Q

What does the sacral chakra relate to?

A

creativity and sexuality; how we approach creative matters

46
Q

What does the solar plexus chakra relate to?

A

willfulness and intention; are we passive or aggressive

47
Q

What does the heart chakra relate to?

A

love; how we respond to love and self acceptance

48
Q

What does the throat chakra relate to?

A

expression and voice

49
Q

What does the third eye chakra relate to?

A

a place of deep, intuitive wisdom and awareness

meditation and visualization

50
Q

What does the crown chakra relate to?

A

a greater sense of ease and purpose

meditation

51
Q

What was the intention of the sutras?

A

engagement and relation to our current lives

52
Q

What chapter of Patanjali’s sutras is the 8-fold path found?

A

chapter 2

53
Q

What does Patanjali’s sutras focus on in chapter 1?

A

contemplation, what is yoga and the nature of the mind

54
Q

What does Patanjali’s sutras focus on in chapter 2?

A

the practice and method; the 8-fold path of Ashtanga

55
Q

What does Patanjali’s sutras focus on in chapter 3?

A

progression and superpowers

56
Q

What does Patanjanli’s sutras focus on in chapter 4?

A

enlightenment and serenity; where yoga takes the student

57
Q

What does citta vritti nirodha mean?

A

calming the fluctuations of the mind

58
Q

What is the goal of calming the fluctuations of the mind?

A

establishing yourself in reality/a yogic state

59
Q

According to the sutras, what happens when the mind is not calm?

A

we identify with the activities of the mind, and our thoughts do not reflect reality

60
Q

What does Patanjali suggest as requirements for control over the mind?

A

commitment/perseverance and non attachment

61
Q

What does Patanjali suggest are the benefits of perseverance and non attachment?

A

The practice becomes a reflection and self analysis, and therefore will bring mental peace.

62
Q

Which chapter of the sutras suggests a path of action?

A

Chapter 2, which identifies obstacles and offers the 8-fold path.

63
Q

What is the goal of the 8-fold path?

A

to attain contemplation and a pure mind to diminish the cause of suffering

64
Q

What are the five causes of suffering?

A
  1. ignorance
  2. ego
  3. attachment to desire
  4. aversion
  5. fear
65
Q

According to the sutras, what is the goal of meditation?

A

eliminating mental fluctuations set in place by erroneous impulses

66
Q

How do we know Patanjali is a dualist?

A

He notes liberation releases us from material beings, and opens us to being metaphysical beings.

67
Q

What are the steps in the 8-fold path?

A
  1. yama
  2. niyama
  3. asana
  4. pranayama
  5. pratyahara
  6. dharana
  7. dhyana
  8. samadhi
68
Q

Name the yamas.

A
  1. ahimsa
  2. satya
  3. brahmacharya
  4. asteya
  5. aparigraha
69
Q

Name the niyamas.

A
  1. saucha
  2. santosha
  3. tapas
  4. svadhyaya
  5. ishvarapranidhana
70
Q

What is the only thing Patanjali notes regarding asana?

A

there should be steadiness and ease

71
Q

What 8-fold step concentrates the mind without external distractions?

A

dharana

72
Q

What 8-fold step is meditation or contemplation in it’s purest form?

A

dhyana

73
Q

What is the very basic questions the Bhagavad Gita presents?

A
  1. How should we act?
  2. What makes life meaningful?
74
Q

What does rita mean?

A

right action; what is the right way to act

75
Q

The rise of (blank) begins to question dharma and action.

A

Buddhism

76
Q

What is akarma?

A

no action; retreating

77
Q

What three yogic paths does the Bhagavad Gita offer?

A
  1. karma yoga
  2. bhakti yoga
  3. jnana yoga
78
Q

What is the yogic path of action called?

A

karma yoga

79
Q

What is the yogic path of devotion called?

A

bhkati yoga

80
Q

What is the yogic path of knowledge called?

A

jnana yoga

81
Q

Who is the primary audience in the Bhagavad Gita?

A

Prince Arjuna

82
Q

Who offers advice in the Bhagavad Gita?

A

Krishna; the supreme god/deity

83
Q

What two dharmas is Arjuna torn between?

A
  1. dharma of family
  2. protecting his people/warrior role
84
Q

Krishna suggests Arjuna is conflicted because of this reason…

A

he has lost sight of the source/essential nature of it all

85
Q

What framework in the Bhagavad Gita also reflects Samkhya philosophy?

A
  1. What is liberation?
  2. What is dharma?
  3. What is our purpose?
  4. Why are we confused?
  5. What is the nature of illusion?
86
Q

Why does the Bhagavad Gita say we need to return to the source of it all?

A

because then we will understand how to act

87
Q

Why are we confused?

A

we are removed from our highest cognition; we are in the material realm

88
Q

Explain jnana yoga in simple terms.

A

acting with clarify and clear purpose

89
Q

Explain karma yoga in simple terms.

A

acting without desire of attachment; no karmic consequences when our actions are identical with the nature of it all

90
Q

Explain buddhi yoga in simple terms.

A

uniting the mind with the higher consciousness

91
Q

Explain bhakti yoga in simple terms

A

holding love for Krishna and taking action in the spirit of Krishna; acting for the good of the cosmic order because it is aligned with Krishna

92
Q

What body part is considered the “center” in modern science?

A

spine/spinal cord

93
Q

What body part is considered the “center” in subtle anatomy?

A

heart

94
Q

According to Samkya philosophy, how does the universe begin?

A

The sound of purusha & prikritti combining is om, wich creates the unfolding of the tattvas.

95
Q

Who suggested the theory the chakras are aligned along the spine?

A

Arthur Avalon

96
Q

What is the goal of complex asanas?

A

to awaken consciousness through all parts of the body

97
Q

How do the gunas relate to our overall health?

A

we can maintain our health by finding balance through the gunas, which is found in our yoga practice

98
Q

What is the relationship between the body & energy in tantra philosophy?

A

the body is a conduit for energy

99
Q

Who asks self reflection questions that can show chakra imbalances?

A

Jung

100
Q

Who added colors, sounds, and physical locations to chakras?

A

Arthur Avalon

101
Q

What are the purpose of the koshas?

A

they give a sense of being part of the whole of it all

102
Q

How do we move between the koshas?

A

by starting from a base layer moving towards the innermost layer

103
Q

Name the koshas (in English)

A
  1. food sheath
  2. vital sheath
  3. mental sheath
  4. intellect sheath
  5. bliss sheath
104
Q

The kosha of the food sheath reflects what?

A

outermost layer
things we touch and nourish
physical aspect

105
Q

The kosha of the vital sheath reflects what?

A

the breath
explored through the experience of the body
breath connects us to the body

106
Q

The kosha of the intellect sheath reflects what?

A

learning that working with the body and mind has an effect on our thoughts

107
Q

The kosha of the intellect sheath can also be called/named what?

A

wisdom sheath

108
Q

The kosha of the bliss sheath reflects what?

A

the heart and contentment

109
Q

In simple terms, what are the yoga sutras?

A

steps and reflections on the fruits of our practice

110
Q

In simple terms, what are the kleshas?

A

mental disturbances

111
Q

Name the five kleshas (in English)

A
  1. ignorance
  2. ego
  3. attachment
  4. repulsion/avoidance
  5. fear of death

300 YTT (8 decks)

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