Philosophy 101 Flashcards
What is a person? /singer
That is a human being that have consciousness
Distinction between human organism and a person
Person is not braindead irreverselby while an organism is, just is not dead according to tradititional definition.
active and passive potential
….
Killing and letting die….Difference?!
wlll
The doctrine of double effect
d.
Interleaving effect
Of mixing what you are learning instead of focusing on one thing. Practising 3 1h blocks of history, slave history and logics instead of all of one.
Fluence
It all feels so good…I am learning a lot. Re-reading makes it feels like you are familiar with the concept. But it is just your brain giving you confirmation.
Spacing
Well, it is better to distribute practice over weeks rather than a short period.
“Is what is morally good commanded by God because it is morally good, or is it morally good because it is commanded by God?” /socrates and Eutyhypro.
Is Morally good what god approves of or is morally good what god does or says.
So what does this mean?
Act and Rule Consequentalism
Act Utilitarianism: judges each act by
whether it has the best consequences.
Rule Utilitarianism: judges each act by
whether it falls under a moral rule that
would, if it were generally adopted, have
the best consequences.
Consequentalism what is it?
To see morals as consequences of actions: How is the value of a consequence maximized?
Eg.
Egoist then maximize my pleasure or joy. If utilitarianism then all ppls joy and pleasure, and minimizing of pain and suffering of all.
Kant and Categorical Imperative, What is it?
That we should act according to a universal moral law, that we have thought through and defined for ourselves.
Everyone should come up with the same laws because it is done with “the rational ojbective reasoning”. It comes from that core of reasoning that exists in all people!
He came up with:
People should be treated as ends in themselves and not as means.
Never lie (i.e. never). But here another universal law could be, almost never lie.
Cons of categorical imperative
Well, if we could save a child from dying could we not use another persons body who would lose a finger to do this?
Lie to a murderer to save a life?
Circumstances that make consequences worse if following his moral rules.
Consequentalism definition?
An action is right if its consequences are better than, or at least as good as, the consequences of any other action that the agent could have done.
! “Consequences” refers to anything that is
valued for its own sake.
! Consequentialism typically seeks to
maximize whatever is valued.
Deontology
Deontology can be defined as the opposite of
consequentialism: “Some acts are wrong, even
if they do lead to the best consequences.”
! Deontologists believe that there are constraints
on what we may do to bring about the best
consequences.
