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3rd Qt > Philo > Flashcards

Philo Flashcards

1
Q

What is philosophy in greek?

A

philia
and sophia

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2
Q

what does philia and sophia mean?

A

love and wisdom

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3
Q

what is the starting point of philosophy?

A

Man is Fragile - people question because man is limited, we need to fill what is lacking

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4
Q

Beginning of philosophy is?

A

wonder

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5
Q

Most important element of philosophy

A

questions

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6
Q

philosophy is —- not thinking

A

doing

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7
Q

philosophy is alive because of ?

A

questions

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8
Q

what is satisfied with one simple answer

A

curiousity

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9
Q

goes beyond, ask more than what meets the eye

A

wonder

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10
Q

is something that we measure. The fact that we know (sometimes solely rational)

A

knowledge

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11
Q

is something that we experience (knowing how to use your knowledge)
: Practical - put into actualization

A

wisdom

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12
Q

Unam means?

A

one

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13
Q

Bonum means?

A

good

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14
Q

Pulchrum means?

A

beautiful

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15
Q

ad-hominem

A

appeals to authority

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16
Q

Eutopia

A

paradise ( subjective)

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17
Q

Meta means?

A

after

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18
Q

Beyond and physi means

A

nature

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19
Q

Studies reality and it’s ultimate causes in an absolute sense
what philosophy?

A

metaphysics

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20
Q
  • Deals with “being,” that is all of existence studies its essence, substance and matter.
    what philosophy?
A

metaphysics

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21
Q

Ironically speaking, a true philosopher does not see himself as a “philosopher” but as someone who thirst for wisdom
true or false?

A

true `

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22
Q

Study of principles by which we distinguish sound from unsound reasoning and if different types of reasoning

A

logic

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23
Q

Commonly known as the “Philosophers toolbox” for although it is not the study of reality directly. It seeks to know the conditions for valid knowledge; hence it is an instrument that in a general way affects all rational knowledge of reality

A

Logic

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24
Q

Occurs when we base the validity of our argument on how many people believe or do the same thing as we do. In other words we claim that something must be true simply because it is popular.
what fallcy?

A

bandwagon fallacy

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25
Q

Distortion of an opponent’s argument to make it easier to refute. By exaggerating or simplifying someone’s position, one can easily attack a weak version of it and ignore their real argument
what fallacy?

A

straw man logical fallacy

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26
Q

Non sequitur means?

A

it does not follow

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27
Q

Jumping to conclusions occurs when we use a small sample or exceptional cases to draw a conclusion or generalize a rule. what kind of fallacy?

A

Hasty Generalization logical fallacy

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28
Q

If two things appear to be correlated, this doesn’t necessarily indicate that one of those things irrefutably causes the other thing. WHat fallaacy?

A

caustion fallacy

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29
Q

kind of idealism focuses on the importance (value of patience) : use of senses (observation)

A

cosmocentism

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30
Q

Existence of the universe or nature
- Water is the source if everything
who is stated?

A

Thales

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31
Q
  • “Socratic Questioning”
  • An art of questioning
    who is the ferson?
A

socrates

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32
Q

Dualistic”philosophy
- Built the “academy”
who is the ferson?

A

plato

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33
Q

Lyceum”
- Similar and yet different to Plato’s Academy
empiricism
who is stated?

A

aristotle

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34
Q

All our knowledge begins with the senses, proceeds then to the understanding and ends with reason.
- Dare to think
- There is nothing higher that reason
who is the ferson?

A

emmanuel kant

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35
Q

idealism focuses on the importance of the universe or nature. what is stated?

A

cosmocentrism

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36
Q

ART OF REASONING

A

LOGIC

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37
Q

Ancient philosphers
T S P A

A

Thales
Socrates
Plato
Aristotle

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38
Q

Smartest philosopher, he invented the questioning

A

socrates

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39
Q

God/divine is the reason for all existance. at this time they sought to combine faith and reason. What ideology ?

A

theocentrism

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40
Q

Fides et ratio

A

faith and reason

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41
Q

Medieval philosophers
SA ST SA

A

St. Augustine

St. Thomas aquinas

St. Anselm of canterbury

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42
Q

Adapting platonic idealism
- “The Confession” Combination of
Science and religion centered on
faith not reason – Fides et Ratio
who is stated ?

A

st agustine

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43
Q

Adopted Aristothelian philosophy.
He wrote his “Summa Theologiae,”
reason over faith. who is stated?

A

st. thomas aquinas

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44
Q

“Angelic Doctor of the Church” who is stated?

A

st. thomas aquinas

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45
Q

First one to developed a Christian ontological argument

A

st. anselm of canterbury

46
Q

proslogion means?

A

centered on faith over reason

47
Q

“I know faith that is why I believe”

A

st anselm of canterburg

48
Q

focuses or gives emphasis on human kind being the center of everything. Mind or rationalism is the trend idealism at this point of time. what ideology?

A

anthropocentrism

49
Q

Modern philosophers
R J E

A

Rene descartes
John Locke
Emmanuel kant

50
Q

Ancient philosophers ideology

A

cosmocentrism

51
Q

medieval philosophers belief?

A

theocentrism

52
Q

modern philosophers belief?

A

anthropocentrism

53
Q

Focus: Self
- “Man” is now the center of all things
- Lagi lahat instant/ impatient (all
things must submit to man’s will)
what era?

A

modern

54
Q

I think: therefore I am

A

rene descartes

55
Q

Father of Modern Philosophy

A

rene descartes

56
Q

Evil Genius” (“confusion”) - divine
being who just put information
(Prevent to be decisive)

A

rene descartes

57
Q

“to see is to believe” who stated this?

A

john locke

58
Q

You gain knowledge when we experience things
who stated this?

A

John locke

59
Q

All our knowledge begins with the senses, proceeds then to the understanding and ends with reason.
who stated this?

A

emmanuel kant

60
Q

the things we don’t have the capabilities to do

A

noumenon

61
Q

all things that we experience (knowledge)

A

phenomenon

62
Q

Truth become relative

A

relativism

63
Q

what is the casue of contemporary era?

A

What happened to Galileo Galilea
- That the world is the center of the
universe
- Found out that the church was wrong
- “To see is to believe” (yung nagging
Philosophy nila)
- Empiricism – mararanasan ko,
makikita ko

64
Q

Critique modernity as failure – because man that time became so lazy and rely everything with science

A

Aido tassi

65
Q

Neglect the importance of reflection - Man became so abusive of his
nature, to submit everything in the
will of man
- Values are removed and little by little
forgotten
who stated?

A

aido tassi

66
Q

gave birth to all the -ism of philosophy

A

modernity

67
Q

when moodernity came
what became the central point?

A

Nationality

68
Q

The problem of contemporary period

A

They have perceive the reality in the lens of cognitive only (knowledge)

  • They have conducted that everything can be philosophical and can be answer by science
  • Systematic naging tingin ng tao sa problema
69
Q

Oblivion made by

A

martin heidegger

70
Q

what is oblivion?

A

the forgetfulness of being (the essentials)

71
Q
  • re birth of various ideologies from ancient to medieval period
A

contemporary philosophers

72
Q

Central topic about human person in classical greek views

A

soul and spirit

73
Q

They strengthened the foundation of the ancient greek philosophers
what era?

A

golden age of philosophy

74
Q

Founding fathers of philosophy
S A P

A

Sorates
Aristotle
Plato

75
Q

Socrates history

A

Born in Athens 469 BCE
- Combatted the arts or philosophy of
the Sophists
- Philosophized along the streets of
Athens
- Youth – studied philosophers

Adult – Debating philosophy
- Role of philosopher – walk around,
talk, and argue.
- He was seen as nuisance
- His trial became so famous which
was contradictory before when he
was still philosophizing.
- His life and works were written by
his noble student, Plato
- His acknowledgement of his
ignorance made him critical and wisest in his generation. (I know that I know nothing).
- For him, the human person also consisted of body and soul. Human body originated from the world while the soul from the Universal Reason or Mind.

76
Q

Aristotle history

A

Human person is a rational animal. - Unlike Plato, his idea about human person is an “embodied spirit.”
- Reason is the thing that makes him
supreme from other beings. - Soul and body are really
interconnected. - Hylomorphism

77
Q

what is dualistic phiosophy?

A

Human person is composed of body
and soul

78
Q

plato history

A

Dualistic Philosophy
- Human person is composed of body
and soul
- The soul is a part of divine reason
- The human person in his/her
existence in this world is not the original and perfect but only an imperfect copy. The original real self is in the world of ideas.
- This imperfection is caused due to the soul’s imprisonment to the body.
- In order to be perfect, one must practice virtue. It can only be done through the power of “reason”
- Soul is the highest part of human person’s nature.
- Soul is most likely divine and eternal, intellectual and indivisible, and unchanging.
- While the body is likely human and mortal and diverse and unintellectual and constantly evolving.

79
Q

most difficult question

A

Who am i

80
Q

Earky greek views on human ferson
I I P

A

Ionian
Italian
Pluralist

81
Q

Gives emphasis on the cause of things
- Physicists
- Abstract and Objective thinking
- They used sensible substance in
order to explain reality
what tradition?

A

Ionian

82
Q

Ionian tradition, people
T H

A

Thales of Miletus
Heraclitus

83
Q

first man who objectively viewed the world in a material nonreligious way.
- There must be a primary substance that makes up everything (Water)
who is stated?

A

thales of miletus

84
Q

First ever recorded businessman as well as the first speculative thinker. who is stated?

A

Thales of Miletus

85
Q

Disagreed Thales’ belief about water because there is the presence of the “opposite.

A

Heraclitus

86
Q

he foreshadowed the concept of evolution

A

heraclitus

87
Q

Dogmatic
- Practical Men: involved in their
cities. (Important roles)
- Different direction from the Ionian

what tradition?

A

italian tradition

88
Q

Parts of italian tradition

A

pythagoras
permeides

89
Q

Thought of the study of mathematics. This is why for him, numbers are not just ultimate objects of reality but can be subjects of worship and mystical contemplation.
who is stated

A

pythagoras

90
Q

There must be the presence of “stability” and reject the law of contradiction or opposing forces.
- All change is an illusion
- All multiplicity and changing forms
and motion are appearances
who stated these?

A

permeides

91
Q

Pluralist Tradition people
E D

A

Empedocles
Democritus

92
Q

theorized about the four elements that caused the existence of everything
who is stated?

A

Empedocles

93
Q

Agreed with Parmenides about the “unity of all things”
- Everything is in the constant love and strife cycle
who is stated???

A

empedocles

94
Q

Love is always overwhelming which causes the wonders of nature (springs and etc.)
who is stated?

A

empedocles

95
Q

Presented the concept that everything is made up of “Atomic” particles
- In his philosophy, one can see the trend of scientific method.
who is stated?

A

democritus

96
Q

this philosophy, are opinions and actions based on reason and knowledge rather than religious or emotioinal response.

A

rationalism

97
Q

the fact that food is healthy is a reason to eat it. what philosophy?

A

Rationalism

98
Q

essence, no path set for us to follow. what philosophy?

A

existentialism

99
Q

we carve our own path, we are rponsible for creating our own purpose and meaning. what philosophy?

A

existentialism

100
Q

the myth of sisyphus, what philosophhy?

A

existentialism

101
Q

Ideas sare the only true reality, what philosophy?

A

idealism

102
Q

Perceived thoughts are reality. what philosophy?

A

Idealism

103
Q

Ideas of the mind rather than material objects. what philosophy?

A

Idealism

104
Q

a world without poverty. what ism?

A

idealism

105
Q

believes in the existance of objective reality. what ism?

A

Realism

106
Q

“things as they are” what ism?

A

realism

107
Q

physical objects are independent to the mind. what ism?

A

realism

108
Q

Soul is the highest part of human person’s nature, whose ideology is this?

A

Plato

109
Q

the soul and body is seperate, the soul originated from the universe while the body is from the world. whose idea is this?

A

Socrates

110
Q

soul and body are interconnected. whose idea is stated?

A

aristotle

3rd Qt (8 decks)

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