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Practice > Phenylephrine-Zolendronic Acid > Flashcards

Phenylephrine-Zolendronic Acid Flashcards

1
Q

Phenylephrine brand name?

A

Neosynephrine

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2
Q

Class of Phenylephrine?

A

Alpha and beta agonist (mainly alpha leading to constriction of arterioles)

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3
Q

IV form of Phenylephrine used to treat?

A

Hyoptension, vascular failure in shock, vasoconstrictor

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4
Q

Used often after CABG to keep BP up?

A

Phenylephrine

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5
Q

Phenylephrine caution in

A

elderly, bradycardia

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6
Q

Can cause reflex bradycardia?

A

Phenylephrine

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7
Q

Can cause local extravasation?

A

Phenylephrine (infuse into a large vein if possible), Phenytoin (if it leaks out don’t give IM), Promethazine (can cause gangrene)

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8
Q

Antidote for phenylephrine?

A

Phentolamine

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9
Q

Phenytoin brand name?

A

Dilantin

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10
Q

Phenytoin indications?

A

Seizures, prophylaxis in CHI and neurosurgery, ventricular arrhythmias

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11
Q

AEs of Phenytoin?

A

IV form may cause hypotension if infused too fast, skin necrosis (avoid small veins)

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12
Q

Phenytoin kinetics?

A

Zero-order (also aspirin and alcohol): dose dependent and capacity limited

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13
Q

Administration of Phenytoin?

A

NO FASTER than 50 mg/min, 20 mg/min in CV diseases

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14
Q

Fast administration of Phenytoin can cause?

A

Hypotension

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15
Q

Phytonadione pharmacology

A

Promotes liver synthesis of clotting factors 2, 7, 9, and 10

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16
Q

Indication of Phytonadione?

A

Reduction of INR in warfarin toxicity, prevention of hemorrhagic disease in newborns (IM)

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17
Q

Dosing of Phytonadione IM in newborns?

A

0.5 g for pre-term, 1 g for full-term

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18
Q

Procainamide class?

A

Class 1A antiarrhythmic

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19
Q

Procainamide kinetics?

A

Half-life is prolonged in renal dysfunction (serum monitoring, NAPA can accumulate)

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20
Q

Can induce Lupus and blood dyscrasias?

A

Procainamide

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21
Q

Procainamide CI?

A

Procaine-allergic patients, myasthenia gravis, heart block, and torsades

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22
Q

Prochloroperazine brand name?

A

Compazine

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23
Q

Prochlorperazine similar to

A

Promethazine

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24
Q

AEs of Prochloroperazine?

A

EPS and tardive dyskinesia, additive CNS effects

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25
Q

Prochloroperazine CI?

A

patients with h/o seizures

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26
Q

Promethazine brand name?

A

Phenergan

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27
Q

AEs of Promethazine?

A

EPS and tardive dyskinesia, additive CNS effects

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28
Q

Do not give more than _____ mg IV push of Promethazine

A

12.5 mg (can cause gangrene)

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29
Q

Propofol brand name?

A

Diprivan

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30
Q

Propofol class?

A

IV anesthetic

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31
Q

AEs of Propofol?

A

Apnea (should have pulse-ox), vein irritation, hypotension

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32
Q

Propofol can increase TG because…

A

10% interlipid vehicle

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33
Q

Half-life of propofol?

A

Very short half-life (goes away in a few minutes) – not for prolonged sedation

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34
Q

Propofol infusion syndrome

A

Hypertriglyceridemia and metabolic acidosis

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35
Q

Propranolol brand name?

A

Inderal

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36
Q

Class of Propranolol?

A

Non-selective beta blocker

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37
Q

Dosing of Propranolol IV:oral?

A

VERY DIFFERENT (IV around 10% of oral dose)

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38
Q

Propranolol form most used?

A

Oral (IV available, but not used often)

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39
Q

Protamine class

A

Heparin antidote

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40
Q

Neutralizes heparin in overdose?

A

Protamine (not very effective for LMWH)

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41
Q

Reversal following cardiovascular surgery?

A

Protamine

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42
Q

1 mg of protamine neutralizes ____U of heparin

A

100 U

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43
Q

Max dose of Protamine?

A

50 mg

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44
Q

Quinupristin/dalfopristin brand name?

A

Synercid

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45
Q

Class of Qyinupristin/dalfopristin?

A

Streptogramin antibiotic

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46
Q

AEs of Synercid?

A

Arthralgia and myalgia (very common), site reactions (also common)

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47
Q

Indications of Synercid?

A

MRSA, VRE (Enterococcus faecium)

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48
Q

Can Synercid be used for E. Feacalis?

A

NO

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49
Q

Can Synercid be used for E. Faecium?

A

Yes

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50
Q

What is a kinder choice than Synercid?

A

Linezolid

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51
Q

Brand of Ranitidine?

A

Zantac

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52
Q

Brand of Reteplase?

A

Retavase

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53
Q

Class of Reteplase?

A

Recombinant t-PA (anticoagulant)

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54
Q

Can Reteplase be used in stroke?

A

No, use Activase

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55
Q

Indication of Reteplase?

A

AMI

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56
Q

Rh0 (D) Immune Globulin brand name?

A

RhoGAM, WinRho

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57
Q

Use caution with RhoGAM in combo with…

A

Live vaccines (if used within 3 months may be inactivated)

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58
Q

AEs of RhoGAM?

A

Hyper or hypotension

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59
Q

Indication of RhoGAM?

A

Treats patients who are Rh (-) and are given Rh (+) blood by mistake, used in childbirth if there is an incompatibility, ITP

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60
Q

What is the brand name of Rifampin?

A

Rifidan

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61
Q

Class of Rifampin?

A

Antibiotic/Antitubercular (never used alone)

62
Q

DIs with Rifampin?

A

LOTS

63
Q

Indications of Rifampin?

A

Synergy against S. aureus, prophylaxis of N. meningococcus and H. influenzae in exposure situations, TB, leprosy

64
Q

Rifampin IV:oral

A

Same

65
Q

Rituximab brand name?

A

Rituxan

66
Q

Class of Rituximab?

A

Monoclonal antibody used in lymphoma and RA

67
Q

AEs of Rituximab?

A

Fever, chills, headache, hypotension, rash, itching, angioedema, nausea, flu-like symptoms, bronchospasm

68
Q

Black box warning of Rituximab?

A

Fatal infusion-related reactions

69
Q

Ropivacaine brand name?

A

Naropin

70
Q

Class of Ropivacaine?

A

Local anesthetic

71
Q

Ropivacaine cross allergy with?

A

Amide-type anesthetics

72
Q

Indication of Ropivacaine?

A

Epidurals

73
Q

Sargramistim brand name?

A

Leukine/GM-CSF

74
Q

Class of Sargramistim?

A

Colony stimulating factor

75
Q

Indication of Sargramistim?

A

Used to speed up recovery of white cells following chemo, preparation of BMT (used in donors to stimulate stem cells)

76
Q

CI of Sargramistim?

A

DO NOT give to patients with >10% blasts or within 24 hours of chemo

77
Q

AE of Sargramistim?

A

Bone pain

78
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate indication

A

Correction of acidosis (contrast-induced nephropathy) and alkalization of urine

79
Q

Caution with use of Sodium Bicarbonate in..

A

Hypernatremia, pulmonary edema, CHF, hypocalcemia

80
Q

What is the function of bicarbonate in Sodium Bicarbonate?

A

Neutralizes H+

81
Q

What is the class of Streptokinase?

A

Thrombotic agent

82
Q

Caution with streptokinase..

A

In recent strep infections (hypersensitivity)

83
Q

Class of Succinylcholine?

A

Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

84
Q

CI with Succinylcholine?

A

History of malignant hyperthermia or family history

85
Q

Indication of Succinylcholine?

A

Muscle relaxant for intubation

86
Q

Half-life of Succinylcholine?

A

Very short (if intubation fails)

87
Q

Black Box warning of Succinylcholine?

A

Pediatric patients with undiagnosed skeletal muscle myopathy may end up getting acute rhabdomyolysis, hyperkalemia, and cardiac arrest

88
Q

Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim brand name?

A

Bactrim, Septra

89
Q

Pharmacology of Bactrim?

A

Both agents interact with folic acid pathway

90
Q

CI of Bactrim?

A

Children <2 mo (risk of kernicterus)

91
Q

Doses of Bactrim

A

Specific for indication

92
Q

Bactrim dose IV:oral?

A

1:1 (same)

93
Q

Bactrim dose based on…

A

TMP component

94
Q

Ratio of SMX/TMP in Bactrim?

A

5:1

95
Q

AE of Bactrim?

A

RASH (can be severe)

96
Q

Indication of Bactrim?

A

CA-MRSA (UTI, PNA, skin), DOC for Pneumocystis carinii

97
Q

Telavancin brand name?

A

VIBATIV

98
Q

Class of Telavancin?

A

Lipoglycopeptide synthetic derivative of vancomycin

99
Q

Pregnancy test must be done for…

A

Telavancin

100
Q

Bugs Telavancin can treat?

A

S. aureus, S. Pyogenes, S. Agalactiae, S. Angionosus, E. Faecalis (NOT VRE)

101
Q

Dose adjust Telavancin for?

A

Renal dysfunction

102
Q

Caution with Telavancin with…

A

Prolonged QT

103
Q

Tetanus Immune Globulin brand name?

A

HyperTET

104
Q

Indication of Tetanus Immune Globulin?

A

Provides passive immunization

105
Q

Monitoring of Tetanus Immune Globulin?

A

Anaphylaxis

106
Q

What is the brand name of Tigecyline?

A

Tigacil

107
Q

Caution in Tigecyline with?

A

Tetracycline allergy

108
Q

Bugs Tigecyline treats?

A

MRSA, E. Fecalis, Gram - (Citrobacter, enterobacter, E.coli, Klebsiella) – NOT FOR PSEUDOMONAS

109
Q

Overused ABX?

A

Tigecyline (reserve for ID doctors)

110
Q

Tobramycin brand name?

A

Nebcin

111
Q

Class of Tobramycin?

A

Aminoglycoside

112
Q

Caution with Tobramycin in…

A

Neuromuscular blockers, renal dysfunction

113
Q

Tobramycin killing is dependent on

A

Peak:MIC

114
Q

Standard dose peak of Tobramycin?

A

7-10 mcg/mL

115
Q

Standard dose trough of Tobramycin?

A

<2 mcg/mL

116
Q

High dose peak of Tobramycin?

A

20-25 mcg/mL

117
Q

High dose trough of Tobramycin?

A

Undetectable

118
Q

Bugs Tobramycin treats?

A

Gram -

119
Q

Brand name of Torsemide?

A

Demadex

120
Q

Class of Torsemide?

A

Loop diuretic

121
Q

CI of Torsemide?

A

Severe allergy to sulfonamides

122
Q

Monitoring of Torsemide?

A

Electrolyte depletion

123
Q

10-20 mg of torsemide = ____ mg furosemide

A

40 mg

124
Q

10-20 mg of torsemide = ____ mg bumetanide

A

1 mg

125
Q

Valproate Sodium brand name?

A

Depacon

126
Q

Class of Valproate Sodium?

A

“Broad Spectrum” Anticonvulsant

127
Q

CI of Valproate Sodium?

A

Severe liver dysfunction, thrombocytopenia

128
Q

AEs of Valproate Sodium?

A

Pancreatitis and hepatic dysfunction/failure

129
Q

IV:Oral dosing of Valproate Sodium?

A

Same

130
Q

Vancomycin caution

A

Renal dysfunction

131
Q

AE of Vancomycin

A

Red-man reaction/syndrome (histamine reaction)

132
Q

How to fix Red-man syndrome?

A

Slow infusion, give diphenhydramine

133
Q

Bugs Vancomycin treats?

A

Gram + (MRSA)

134
Q

Desired trough of Vancomycin?

A

10-20 mcg/mL

135
Q

Desired peak of Vancomycin?

A

No need to monitor

136
Q

What is the brand name of Vasopressin?

A

Pitressin

137
Q

Class of Vasopressin?

A

ADH

138
Q

Indication of Vasopressin?

A

Diabetes insipidus, acute GI bleed, shock

139
Q

Dosing of Vasopressin?

A

VARIES widely by indication (caution)

140
Q

Brand name of Voriconazole?

A

VFEND

141
Q

Monitoring of Voriconazole?

A

LFTs, visual changes (common), rash, nausea

142
Q

Indication of Voriconazole?

A

Invasive aspergillosis and candidemia

143
Q

What to do if CrCl < 50 mL/min with Voriconazole dosing?

A

Give IV loading dose and switch to oral route

144
Q

What is the brand name of ZIprasidone Mesylate?

A

Geodon

145
Q

Indication of Ziprasidone?

A

Acute agitation in schizophrenia

146
Q

Formulation of Ziprasidone?

A

IM only

147
Q

Cation with Ziprasidone?

A

In combo with other drugs that prolong QT

148
Q

What is the brand name of Zolendronic acid?

A

Zometa

149
Q

Indication of Zolendronic acid?

A

Treats hypercalcemia of malignancy

150
Q

Monitor Zolendronic acid for?

A

Hypersenstivity reactions, hypotension, low electrolytes (Mg, K, PO4)

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