Phenylephrine-Zolendronic Acid Flashcards
1
Q
Phenylephrine brand name?
A
Neosynephrine
2
Q
Class of Phenylephrine?
A
Alpha and beta agonist (mainly alpha leading to constriction of arterioles)
3
Q
IV form of Phenylephrine used to treat?
A
Hyoptension, vascular failure in shock, vasoconstrictor
4
Q
Used often after CABG to keep BP up?
A
Phenylephrine
5
Q
Phenylephrine caution in
A
elderly, bradycardia
6
Q
Can cause reflex bradycardia?
A
Phenylephrine
7
Q
Can cause local extravasation?
A
Phenylephrine (infuse into a large vein if possible), Phenytoin (if it leaks out don’t give IM), Promethazine (can cause gangrene)
8
Q
Antidote for phenylephrine?
A
Phentolamine
9
Q
Phenytoin brand name?
A
Dilantin
10
Q
Phenytoin indications?
A
Seizures, prophylaxis in CHI and neurosurgery, ventricular arrhythmias
11
Q
AEs of Phenytoin?
A
IV form may cause hypotension if infused too fast, skin necrosis (avoid small veins)
12
Q
Phenytoin kinetics?
A
Zero-order (also aspirin and alcohol): dose dependent and capacity limited
13
Q
Administration of Phenytoin?
A
NO FASTER than 50 mg/min, 20 mg/min in CV diseases
14
Q
Fast administration of Phenytoin can cause?
A
Hypotension
15
Q
Phytonadione pharmacology
A
Promotes liver synthesis of clotting factors 2, 7, 9, and 10
16
Q
Indication of Phytonadione?
A
Reduction of INR in warfarin toxicity, prevention of hemorrhagic disease in newborns (IM)
17
Q
Dosing of Phytonadione IM in newborns?
A
0.5 g for pre-term, 1 g for full-term
18
Q
Procainamide class?
A
Class 1A antiarrhythmic
19
Q
Procainamide kinetics?
A
Half-life is prolonged in renal dysfunction (serum monitoring, NAPA can accumulate)
20
Q
Can induce Lupus and blood dyscrasias?
A
Procainamide
21
Q
Procainamide CI?
A
Procaine-allergic patients, myasthenia gravis, heart block, and torsades
22
Q
Prochloroperazine brand name?
A
Compazine
23
Q
Prochlorperazine similar to
A
Promethazine
24
Q
AEs of Prochloroperazine?
A
EPS and tardive dyskinesia, additive CNS effects
25
Prochloroperazine CI?
patients with h/o seizures
26
Promethazine brand name?
Phenergan
27
AEs of Promethazine?
EPS and tardive dyskinesia, additive CNS effects
28
Do not give more than _____ mg IV push of Promethazine
12.5 mg (can cause gangrene)
29
Propofol brand name?
Diprivan
30
Propofol class?
IV anesthetic
31
AEs of Propofol?
Apnea (should have pulse-ox), vein irritation, hypotension
32
Propofol can increase TG because...
10% interlipid vehicle
33
Half-life of propofol?
Very short half-life (goes away in a few minutes) -- not for prolonged sedation
34
Propofol infusion syndrome
Hypertriglyceridemia and metabolic acidosis
35
Propranolol brand name?
Inderal
36
Class of Propranolol?
Non-selective beta blocker
37
Dosing of Propranolol IV:oral?
VERY DIFFERENT (IV around 10% of oral dose)
38
Propranolol form most used?
Oral (IV available, but not used often)
39
Protamine class
Heparin antidote
40
Neutralizes heparin in overdose?
Protamine (not very effective for LMWH)
41
Reversal following cardiovascular surgery?
Protamine
42
1 mg of protamine neutralizes ____U of heparin
100 U
43
Max dose of Protamine?
50 mg
44
Quinupristin/dalfopristin brand name?
Synercid
45
Class of Qyinupristin/dalfopristin?
Streptogramin antibiotic
46
AEs of Synercid?
Arthralgia and myalgia (very common), site reactions (also common)
47
Indications of Synercid?
MRSA, VRE (Enterococcus faecium)
48
Can Synercid be used for E. Feacalis?
NO
49
Can Synercid be used for E. Faecium?
Yes
50
What is a kinder choice than Synercid?
Linezolid
51
Brand of Ranitidine?
Zantac
52
Brand of Reteplase?
Retavase
53
Class of Reteplase?
Recombinant t-PA (anticoagulant)
54
Can Reteplase be used in stroke?
No, use Activase
55
Indication of Reteplase?
AMI
56
Rh0 (D) Immune Globulin brand name?
RhoGAM, WinRho
57
Use caution with RhoGAM in combo with...
Live vaccines (if used within 3 months may be inactivated)
58
AEs of RhoGAM?
Hyper or hypotension
59
Indication of RhoGAM?
Treats patients who are Rh (-) and are given Rh (+) blood by mistake, used in childbirth if there is an incompatibility, ITP
60
What is the brand name of Rifampin?
Rifidan
61
Class of Rifampin?
Antibiotic/Antitubercular (never used alone)
62
DIs with Rifampin?
LOTS
63
Indications of Rifampin?
Synergy against S. aureus, prophylaxis of N. meningococcus and H. influenzae in exposure situations, TB, leprosy
64
Rifampin IV:oral
Same
65
Rituximab brand name?
Rituxan
66
Class of Rituximab?
Monoclonal antibody used in lymphoma and RA
67
AEs of Rituximab?
Fever, chills, headache, hypotension, rash, itching, angioedema, nausea, flu-like symptoms, bronchospasm
68
Black box warning of Rituximab?
Fatal infusion-related reactions
69
Ropivacaine brand name?
Naropin
70
Class of Ropivacaine?
Local anesthetic
71
Ropivacaine cross allergy with?
Amide-type anesthetics
72
Indication of Ropivacaine?
Epidurals
73
Sargramistim brand name?
Leukine/GM-CSF
74
Class of Sargramistim?
Colony stimulating factor
75
Indication of Sargramistim?
Used to speed up recovery of white cells following chemo, preparation of BMT (used in donors to stimulate stem cells)
76
CI of Sargramistim?
DO NOT give to patients with >10% blasts or within 24 hours of chemo
77
AE of Sargramistim?
Bone pain
78
Sodium Bicarbonate indication
Correction of acidosis (contrast-induced nephropathy) and alkalization of urine
79
Caution with use of Sodium Bicarbonate in..
Hypernatremia, pulmonary edema, CHF, hypocalcemia
80
What is the function of bicarbonate in Sodium Bicarbonate?
Neutralizes H+
81
What is the class of Streptokinase?
Thrombotic agent
82
Caution with streptokinase..
In recent strep infections (hypersensitivity)
83
Class of Succinylcholine?
Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker
84
CI with Succinylcholine?
History of malignant hyperthermia or family history
85
Indication of Succinylcholine?
Muscle relaxant for intubation
86
Half-life of Succinylcholine?
Very short (if intubation fails)
87
Black Box warning of Succinylcholine?
Pediatric patients with undiagnosed skeletal muscle myopathy may end up getting acute rhabdomyolysis, hyperkalemia, and cardiac arrest
88
Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim brand name?
Bactrim, Septra
89
Pharmacology of Bactrim?
Both agents interact with folic acid pathway
90
CI of Bactrim?
Children <2 mo (risk of kernicterus)
91
Doses of Bactrim
Specific for indication
92
Bactrim dose IV:oral?
1:1 (same)
93
Bactrim dose based on...
TMP component
94
Ratio of SMX/TMP in Bactrim?
5:1
95
AE of Bactrim?
RASH (can be severe)
96
Indication of Bactrim?
CA-MRSA (UTI, PNA, skin), DOC for Pneumocystis carinii
97
Telavancin brand name?
VIBATIV
98
Class of Telavancin?
Lipoglycopeptide synthetic derivative of vancomycin
99
Pregnancy test must be done for...
Telavancin
100
Bugs Telavancin can treat?
S. aureus, S. Pyogenes, S. Agalactiae, S. Angionosus, E. Faecalis (NOT VRE)
101
Dose adjust Telavancin for?
Renal dysfunction
102
Caution with Telavancin with...
Prolonged QT
103
Tetanus Immune Globulin brand name?
HyperTET
104
Indication of Tetanus Immune Globulin?
Provides passive immunization
105
Monitoring of Tetanus Immune Globulin?
Anaphylaxis
106
What is the brand name of Tigecyline?
Tigacil
107
Caution in Tigecyline with?
Tetracycline allergy
108
Bugs Tigecyline treats?
MRSA, E. Fecalis, Gram - (Citrobacter, enterobacter, E.coli, Klebsiella) -- NOT FOR PSEUDOMONAS
109
Overused ABX?
Tigecyline (reserve for ID doctors)
110
Tobramycin brand name?
Nebcin
111
Class of Tobramycin?
Aminoglycoside
112
Caution with Tobramycin in...
Neuromuscular blockers, renal dysfunction
113
Tobramycin killing is dependent on
Peak:MIC
114
Standard dose peak of Tobramycin?
7-10 mcg/mL
115
Standard dose trough of Tobramycin?
<2 mcg/mL
116
High dose peak of Tobramycin?
20-25 mcg/mL
117
High dose trough of Tobramycin?
Undetectable
118
Bugs Tobramycin treats?
Gram -
119
Brand name of Torsemide?
Demadex
120
Class of Torsemide?
Loop diuretic
121
CI of Torsemide?
Severe allergy to sulfonamides
122
Monitoring of Torsemide?
Electrolyte depletion
123
10-20 mg of torsemide = ____ mg furosemide
40 mg
124
10-20 mg of torsemide = ____ mg bumetanide
1 mg
125
Valproate Sodium brand name?
Depacon
126
Class of Valproate Sodium?
"Broad Spectrum" Anticonvulsant
127
CI of Valproate Sodium?
Severe liver dysfunction, thrombocytopenia
128
AEs of Valproate Sodium?
Pancreatitis and hepatic dysfunction/failure
129
IV:Oral dosing of Valproate Sodium?
Same
130
Vancomycin caution
Renal dysfunction
131
AE of Vancomycin
Red-man reaction/syndrome (histamine reaction)
132
How to fix Red-man syndrome?
Slow infusion, give diphenhydramine
133
Bugs Vancomycin treats?
Gram + (MRSA)
134
Desired trough of Vancomycin?
10-20 mcg/mL
135
Desired peak of Vancomycin?
No need to monitor
136
What is the brand name of Vasopressin?
Pitressin
137
Class of Vasopressin?
ADH
138
Indication of Vasopressin?
Diabetes insipidus, acute GI bleed, shock
139
Dosing of Vasopressin?
VARIES widely by indication (caution)
140
Brand name of Voriconazole?
VFEND
141
Monitoring of Voriconazole?
LFTs, visual changes (common), rash, nausea
142
Indication of Voriconazole?
Invasive aspergillosis and candidemia
143
What to do if CrCl < 50 mL/min with Voriconazole dosing?
Give IV loading dose and switch to oral route
144
What is the brand name of ZIprasidone Mesylate?
Geodon
145
Indication of Ziprasidone?
Acute agitation in schizophrenia
146
Formulation of Ziprasidone?
IM only
147
Cation with Ziprasidone?
In combo with other drugs that prolong QT
148
What is the brand name of Zolendronic acid?
Zometa
149
Indication of Zolendronic acid?
Treats hypercalcemia of malignancy
150
Monitor Zolendronic acid for?
Hypersenstivity reactions, hypotension, low electrolytes (Mg, K, PO4)
