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MIDTERMS > PHCT LAB - MIDTERMS > Flashcards

PHCT LAB - MIDTERMS Flashcards

1
Q

Other names of Carbon Tetrachloride (4)

A

CCI4, tetrachloromethane, pyrine, carbona

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2
Q

Colorless, non-flammable liquid, sweet
penetrating odor

A

Carbon Tetrachloride

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3
Q

Metabolized by the enzyme CYP450 which
results in formation of toxic metabolite,
Epoxide, TCM (Trichloromethane)

A

Carbon Tetrachloride

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4
Q

Used as solvent in pharmacy, propellant, fire
extinguisher, dry cleaning clothes

A

Carbon Tetrachloride

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5
Q

CT | Dose
no ADE after 3-4 hours

A

10-80ppm

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6
Q

CT | Dose
depression and dyspnea

A

100ppm

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7
Q

CT | Dose
liver, lung, kidney damage,
tachycardia and tachypnea

A

> 200ppm

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8
Q

CT | Lethal Dose

A

3-5mL

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9
Q

TX for CT Toxicity

A

NAC, beta blockers, hyperbaric
oxygen

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10
Q

Other names for Carbon disulfide

A

CS2, Carbon Bisulfide, Dithiocarbonic
anhydride, Sulfocarbonic anhydride

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11
Q

Clear, colorless or faintly yellow liquid, highly
flammable, chloroform like odor

A

Carbon Disulfide

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12
Q

Used in the manufacture of rubber, plywood
glues, rayon, cellophane, electroplating and
metal rust removal, used in agriculture as a
pesticide and fumigant

A

Carbon Disulfide

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13
Q

Quickly absorbed by ingestion, inhalation, and
dermal exposure

A

Carbon Disulfide

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14
Q

Carbon Disulfide | Lethal Dose

A

0.1 mg/dL

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15
Q

Carbon Disulfide | Toxic Action

A

CNS Depression, peripheral neuropathy,
decomposition of RBC (methemoglobinemia),
psychiatric manifestations, birth defects

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16
Q

Carbon Disulfide | Toxic Action

A

CNS Depression, peripheral neuropathy,
decomposition of RBC (methemoglobinemia),
psychiatric manifestations, birth defects

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17
Q

TX for Carbon Disulfide Toxicity

A

Artificial respiration, emetics, gastric lavage,
antidepressants, methylene blue

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18
Q

Other names for Aniline

A

C6H5NH2, Phenylamine, Aminobenzene

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19
Q

Unpleasant odor of rotten fish, burning aromatic taste, a highly acrid-poison. Ignites readily with smoky flame.

A

ANILINE

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20
Q

Aniline was first isolated from the destructive distillation of indigo in 1826 by _____ who named it crystalline

A

Otto Unverdorben

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21
Q

Used to make synthetic dyes, polyurethane foam, agricultural chemicals, antioxidants, stabilizers for the rubber industry, herbicides, varnishes and explosives

A

ANILINE

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22
Q

ANILINE, SYNTHESIS

A

Nitration and Hydrogenation
-Phenol + Ammonia

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23
Q

ANILINE | Lethal Dose

A

15-30g

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24
Q

Aniline | Toxic Effects

A

Dizziness, HA, Irregular heart
beat, convulsions, coma, and death. Direct
contact with aniline can also produce skin and
eye irritation, Methemoglobinemia

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25
Q

TX for ANILINE

A

Gastric lavage, oxygen, methylene blue

26
Q

Meth Level | Headache, fatigue, dizziness, rapid heart rate, mild shortness of breath

A

30-50%

27
Q

Meth Level | Stupor, slow heart rate/ respiratory depression, irregular heart rhythm, acid-base imbalance

A

50-70%

28
Q

Meth Level | Cardiac arrest, loss of consciousness, coma, death

A

60-70%

29
Q

Other names for Picric Acid

A

2,4,6-trinitrophenol, phenolnitrate

30
Q

Pale yellow, odorless crystal, with bitter and slightly soluble in water

A

Picric Acid

31
Q

Uses: as explosive, in match and battery
manufacturing, leather and textile industry,
production of colored glass and yellow dyes for
silk in 1849. Used as antiseptic in the 20th century
for the manufacture of ointments for burns. As
chemistry reagent, dyes and fixatives used in
pathology

A

Picric Acid

32
Q

Picric Acid | Fatal Dose

A

1-3g po

33
Q

Effects of Picric Acid

A

Discoloration of the skin, sensitization dermatitis,
weakness, myalgia, anuria, poiyuria, HA, fever, seizure, coma

34
Q

Effects of Picric Acid in High Doses

A

High doses: destruction of RBC, hemorrhagic nephritis and hepatitis, pseudojaundice, including conjuctiva and aqueous humor, and yellow vision

35
Q

Picric Acid | Treatment

A

Activated charcoal, IV fluids, BZD, oxygen and
methylene blue

36
Q

Other name for Naphthalene

A

C1OH8, Moth ball, moth flakes, albocarbon,
tar camphor, white tar

37
Q

Made from crude oil or crude tar. It is also
produced when things burn, so naphthalene is
found in cigarette smoke, car exhaust, and
smoke from forest fires

A

Naphthalene

38
Q

Uses: Toilet bowl deodorizers, moth
repellents, pesticides in the US in 1948

A

Naphthalene

39
Q

Naphthalene | Lethal Dose

A

1-2g (4-8 moth balls)

40
Q

Naphthalene | Toxic Action

A

CNS Stimulation, Destruction of RBC, Death

41
Q

Napthalene | Effects

A

Abdominal pain, N/V, Diarrhea, Tachycardia,
Hemolytic Anemia, Seizure, Coma, wine coloured
urine

42
Q

Napthalene | Treatment

A

IV Fluids, Methylene Blue, Alkalinization, Activated charcoal, Morphine

43
Q

The ___ of WHO concluded that naphthalene is possibly carcinogenic to humans.

A

International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)

44
Q

In humans, naphthalene is broken down to ____

A

alpha-naphthol.

45
Q

______ is linked to the development of hemolytic anemia. Kidney and liver damage may also occur. ___ and other metabolites are excreted in urine

A

alpha-naphthol.

46
Q

Other names for Aspirin

A

C9H804, Acetylsalicylic Acid, 2-
acetoxybenzoic acid, acidium salicylicum,
salicylic acid acetate, polypiryna

47
Q

Colorless or white crystalline powder,
odorless, melting point at 135C

A

Aspirin

48
Q

Aspirin
Acid Hydrolysis:

A

Violet Solution

49
Q

Aspirin
Basic Hydrolysis

A

Clear Solution

50
Q

ASA | Dose
Analgesic for the treatment of mild to moderate
pain

A

325-650mg adult dosage

51
Q

ASA | Dose
Anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of soft
tissue and joint inflammation

A

45mg/kg adult dosage

52
Q

ASA | Dose
Antipyretic drug

A

325-650 mg adult dosage

53
Q

ASA | Dose
Antiplatelet/ Antithrombosis

A

40-80 mg

54
Q

ASA: Acute Toxicity

A
  • Vomiting after ingestion
  • Hyperpnea
  • tinnitus and lethargy
  • Mixed respiratoy alkalemia
  • metabolic acidosis
55
Q

ASA: Chronic Toxicity

A

Nonspecific confusion, dehydration and metabolic
acidosis are attributed to sepsis, pneumonia or
gastroenteritis

56
Q

ASA | Treatment

A

IV Fluids, glucose, NaH003, hemodialysis

57
Q

ASA | Therapeutic Dose
Average Single Dose

A

10mg/kg

58
Q

ASA | Therapeutic Dose
Usual daily dose

A

40-60 mg/kg/d

59
Q

ASA | Toxic Dose
Mild intoxication

A

150-200 mg/kg

60
Q

ASA | Toxic Dose
Severe intoxication

A

300-500 mg/kg

61
Q

ASA | Toxic Dose
Severe intoxication

A

> 100mg/kg/d for 2 or more
days

MIDTERMS (8 decks)

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