Pharynx/Larynx/Thyroid

Question 1

Pharynx

Answer 1

Common route for food and air

Formed of 3 constrictor and 3 elevator muscles

Question 2

Pharynx Regions

Answer 2

Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx

Question 3

Soft Palate

Answer 3

Close off nasopharynx from oropharynx

Allow to blow forcibly out mouth

Question 4

Epiglottis

Answer 4

Fibrocartilage that flips down to cover inlet of larynx

Question 5

Glottis

Answer 5

Vocal folds and aperture closed to prevent from entering respiratory tract

Question 6

Constrictors (CN X)

Answer 6

Superior
Medial
Inferior

Question 7

Elevators

Answer 7

Helps open auditory tube during swallowing

Question 8

Elevator Muscles (CN IX)

Answer 8

Palatopharyngeus
Salpingopharyngeus
Stylopharyngeus

Question 9

Tensor palati (CN V3)

Answer 9

Tenses soft palate & helps to open auditory tube during swallowing

Question 10

Levator Palate (CN X)

Answer 10

Elevates soft palate

Question 11

Palatopharyngeus (CN X)

Answer 11

Lowers soft palate and raises pharynx

Question 12

Palatoglossus (CN X)

Answer 12

Lowers soft palate and raise tongue

Question 13

Larynx

Answer 13

Protect and provide phonation

Question 14

9 cartilage

Answer 14

3 unpaired (thyroid, cricoid, epiglottic)
3 paired (arytenoid, corniculate, cuniform)

Question 15

Posterior Cricoarytenoid

Answer 15

Largest and most important muscle

Only abductor opening

Question 16

Transverse Arytenoid

Answer 16

Adducts vocal cords

Question 17

Oblique Arytenoid

Answer 17

Helps close vestibule of larynx during swallowing

Question 18

Sleep Apnea and Snoring

Answer 18

Dropping of tongue
Enlarged tonsils
Soft palate

Question 19

Uvular Deviation

Answer 19

Check for CN X motor lesion

Question 20

Laryngitis

Answer 20

Inflammation of vocal cords

Viral

Question 21

Larynx Innervation

Answer 21

Recurrent laryngeal - motor to all except cricothyroid (external laryngeal)

Question 22

KLM Sounds

Answer 22

Kah - tests soft palate elevation (vagus)
La - tests tongue function (hypoglossal)
MA - tests opening of mouth (facial)

Question 23

Thyroid

Answer 23

Produces thyroid hormone - maintains metabolism of tissue

Question 24

Goiter

Answer 24

Abnormal enlargement

Question 25

Parathyroid

Answer 25

4 glands

Produces parathryroid hormone - essential for life & maintaining calcium levels

Question 26

Thoracic Outlet Boundaries

Answer 26

1st rib
Manubrium of sternum
1st thoracic vertebrae

Question 27

Thoracic Outlet Characteristics

Answer 27

Anterior scalene attaches to 1st rib
Subclavian artery/brachial plexus runs posterior to anterior scalene
Phrenic/vagus and subclavian vein anterior to anterior scalene