Pharynx and larynx continued

Question 1

How does the pharynx move fluids and food since its a gut organ?

Answer 1

Via peristalsis.

Question 2

What are the walls of pharynx composed of?

Answer 2

Mutliple layers

• Areolar coat or buccopharyngeal fascia on outside and contains pharyngeal plexus of veins and nerves
• Muscular coat composed of outer circular and inner longitudinal parts. outer circular muscles serve as constrictors and composed of superior, middle and inferior constrictors.
• longitudinal muscles elevate
• Mucous membranse

Question 3

What are the attachment sites of the superior constrictor?

Answer 3

• Pharyngeal tubercule (On base of skull via pharyngobasilar fascia).
• pharyngobasilar fascia is the none muscular portion of superior constrictor and is attached to the base of the skull. It is pierced by auditory tube and levator palatine.
• Pterygomandibular raphe (Junction with buccinator) and mandible

Question 4

What are the boundaries of the middle constrictor?

Answer 4

• Greater and lesser cornu of hyoid
• inferior end of the stylohyoid ligament
• Overlaps inferior border of superior constrictor

Question 5

What are the boundaries of inferior constrictor?

Answer 5

• From oblique line of thyroid cartilage onto cricoid cartilage
• upper fibers overlaps inferior border of middle fibers blend with those of esophagus, pars cricopharyngea

Question 6

What is the function of longitudinal muscles and what are they:

Answer 6

-They elevate and open constrictors so peristalsis begins above bolus
-Salpingopharyngeus: From medial end of auditory tube to thyroid lamina
-Palatopharyngeus from the connective tissue of soft palate of thyroid lamina.
-Stylopharyngeus: from the medial surface of styloid, between superior and medial constrictors down to thyroid lamina.
Stylohyoid: from the posterior surface of styloid to hyoid.

Question 7

What lines entire pharynx and larynx?

Answer 7

Mucous membrane