pharynx Flashcards
structures of the nasopharynx
- auditory (eustachian or pharyngotympanic) tube orifice
- torus tubarius
- pharyngeal recess
- pharyngeal tonsil
- salpingopharyngeal fold
auditory tube opening is posterior to ____ and serves as connection between pharynx and ____
inferior nasal concha; middle ear
torus tubarius is the ____ of the auditory tube, positioned ____ to the orifice
cartilage; posterior
groove along lateral pharyngeal wall, posterior to torus tubarius
pharyngeal recess
pharyngeal tonsil positioned ____ to torus tubarius
postero-superior
the vallecula is the fold posterior to the ____ and anterior to the ____
root of the tongue; epiglottis
function of vallecula
“spit trap”
temporary hold place for saliva during breathing
functions of the larynx
- phonation
- regulate size of the opening between the vocal folds
- prevent foreign antibodies from entering the airway
- act as a sphincter
the piriform recess extends laterally to the _____
thyroid cartilage
superior laryngeal vessels run with ____
internal laryngeal n.
inferior laryngeal vessels run with ____
recurrent laryngeal n.
superior pharyngeal constrictor m. arises from ____ and ____ and _____
pterygomandibular raphe; medial pterygoid plate; mandible
superior pharyngeal constrictor meets ____ anteriorly and is anchored to _____ of the skull superiorly
buccinator m. ; pharyngeal tubercle
attachments associated with the superior pharyngeal constrictor m.
pterygomandibular raphe pterygoid hamulus medial plate of pterygoid process pharyngeal tubercle pharyngeal raphe
middle pharyngeal constrictor m. arises from ____ and _____; it overlaps ____
greater horn of the hyoid bone; inferior portion of the stylohyoid ligament; superior pharyngeal constrictor m.
___, ___, and ____ pass between superior and middle constrictor mm.
stylohyoid ligament
stylopharyngeus m.
CN IX
attachment points associated with middle pharyngeal constrictor m.,
hyoid bone; stylohyoid ligament; pharyngeal raphe
inferior pharyngeal constrictor m. arises from ____ and ____; it overlaps _____
thyroid and cricoid cartilages; middle constrictor m,
____ and ____ pass betw middle and inferior constrictor mm. to pierce ____
internal laryngeal n. ; superior laryngeal a. ; thyrohyoid membrane
attachment points associated with inferior pharyngeal constrictor m.
oblique line of thyroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage, and pharyngeal raphe
stylopharyngeus arises from ____ and descends to blend with fibers of _____
styloid process; inferior constrictor m.
salpingopharyngeus arises from ____ and descends to blend with fibers of ____
auditory tube; palatopharyngeus
sensory to the nasopharynx by:
pharyngeal branch of V2 (maxillary n.)
sensory to the oropharynx by:
CN IX
sensory to the laryngopharynx by:
CN X
arterial supply to the pharynx is predominantly by:
ascending pharyngeal a. and superior thyroid a. (branches of ECA)
additional arterial supply to pharynx:
branches of facial and maxillary aa. (esp in the tonsillar region)
inferior thyroid a. pharyngeal branches
tonsillar branches supplying the palatine tonsils from:
facial a. lingual a. (dorsal lingual a.) ascending palatine a. (from facial a.) lesser palatine a. (from descending palatine a.) ascending pharyngeal a.
_____ supplies sympathetic nn. to pharyngeal plexus
superior cervical ganglion (via vasculature)
____ supplies motor to pharyngeal mm. except ____
CN X; stylopharyngeus m.
____ supplies motor to stylopharyngeus and sensory to pharynx
CN IX
loss of motor nn. to pharynx leads to ____; loss of sensory nn. to pharynx may cause loss of ____
marked dysphagia (difficulty swallowing); gag reflex
