pharynx Flashcards

1
Q

structures of the nasopharynx

A
  1. auditory (eustachian or pharyngotympanic) tube orifice
  2. torus tubarius
  3. pharyngeal recess
  4. pharyngeal tonsil
  5. salpingopharyngeal fold
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2
Q

auditory tube opening is posterior to ____ and serves as connection between pharynx and ____

A

inferior nasal concha; middle ear

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3
Q

torus tubarius is the ____ of the auditory tube, positioned ____ to the orifice

A

cartilage; posterior

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4
Q

groove along lateral pharyngeal wall, posterior to torus tubarius

A

pharyngeal recess

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5
Q

pharyngeal tonsil positioned ____ to torus tubarius

A

postero-superior

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6
Q

the vallecula is the fold posterior to the ____ and anterior to the ____

A

root of the tongue; epiglottis

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7
Q

function of vallecula

A

“spit trap”

temporary hold place for saliva during breathing

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8
Q

functions of the larynx

A
  1. phonation
  2. regulate size of the opening between the vocal folds
  3. prevent foreign antibodies from entering the airway
  4. act as a sphincter
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9
Q

the piriform recess extends laterally to the _____

A

thyroid cartilage

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10
Q

superior laryngeal vessels run with ____

A

internal laryngeal n.

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11
Q

inferior laryngeal vessels run with ____

A

recurrent laryngeal n.

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12
Q

superior pharyngeal constrictor m. arises from ____ and ____ and _____

A

pterygomandibular raphe; medial pterygoid plate; mandible

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13
Q

superior pharyngeal constrictor meets ____ anteriorly and is anchored to _____ of the skull superiorly

A

buccinator m. ; pharyngeal tubercle

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14
Q

attachments associated with the superior pharyngeal constrictor m.

A
pterygomandibular raphe
pterygoid hamulus
medial plate of pterygoid process
pharyngeal tubercle
pharyngeal raphe
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15
Q

middle pharyngeal constrictor m. arises from ____ and _____; it overlaps ____

A

greater horn of the hyoid bone; inferior portion of the stylohyoid ligament; superior pharyngeal constrictor m.

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16
Q

___, ___, and ____ pass between superior and middle constrictor mm.

A

stylohyoid ligament
stylopharyngeus m.
CN IX

17
Q

attachment points associated with middle pharyngeal constrictor m.,

A

hyoid bone; stylohyoid ligament; pharyngeal raphe

18
Q

inferior pharyngeal constrictor m. arises from ____ and ____; it overlaps _____

A

thyroid and cricoid cartilages; middle constrictor m,

19
Q

____ and ____ pass betw middle and inferior constrictor mm. to pierce ____

A

internal laryngeal n. ; superior laryngeal a. ; thyrohyoid membrane

20
Q

attachment points associated with inferior pharyngeal constrictor m.

A

oblique line of thyroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage, and pharyngeal raphe

21
Q

stylopharyngeus arises from ____ and descends to blend with fibers of _____

A

styloid process; inferior constrictor m.

22
Q

salpingopharyngeus arises from ____ and descends to blend with fibers of ____

A

auditory tube; palatopharyngeus

23
Q

sensory to the nasopharynx by:

A

pharyngeal branch of V2 (maxillary n.)

24
Q

sensory to the oropharynx by:

A

CN IX

25
Q

sensory to the laryngopharynx by:

A

CN X

26
Q

arterial supply to the pharynx is predominantly by:

A

ascending pharyngeal a. and superior thyroid a. (branches of ECA)

27
Q

additional arterial supply to pharynx:

A

branches of facial and maxillary aa. (esp in the tonsillar region)
inferior thyroid a. pharyngeal branches

28
Q

tonsillar branches supplying the palatine tonsils from:

A
facial a. 
lingual a. (dorsal lingual a.)
ascending palatine a. (from facial a.)
lesser palatine a. (from descending palatine a.)
ascending pharyngeal a.
29
Q

_____ supplies sympathetic nn. to pharyngeal plexus

A

superior cervical ganglion (via vasculature)

30
Q

____ supplies motor to pharyngeal mm. except ____

A

CN X; stylopharyngeus m.

31
Q

____ supplies motor to stylopharyngeus and sensory to pharynx

A

CN IX

32
Q

loss of motor nn. to pharynx leads to ____; loss of sensory nn. to pharynx may cause loss of ____

A

marked dysphagia (difficulty swallowing); gag reflex