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Anatomy 203 > Pharynx > Flashcards

Pharynx Flashcards

1
Q

Pharynx (aka _____) is a _____, _____ tube

A

Throat
Fibromuscular
Hollow

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2
Q

It is about ___ — ___ cm in length and broader in the _____ than in the _____ diameter

A

12-14
Transverse
Anterior-posterior

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3
Q

The pharynx is a common channel for both ____ and ____

A

Deglutition(swallowing)
Respiration

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4
Q

Functions of pharynx
_____ which is a group of lymphoid tissue for _____mechanism

A

Tonsils
Defense

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5
Q

The pharynx acts as a _____ for surrounding structures such as ___,____,___

A

Support
Palate
Auditory tune
Tongue

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6
Q

The pharynx begins from behind the _____ to behind the _____ where it because continuous with the ____

A

Nasal cavity
Larynx
Oesophagus

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7
Q

Subdivisions is the pharynx are:

A

Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx

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8
Q

Nasopharynx is also known as

A

Epipharynx

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9
Q

Oropharynx is also known as

A

Mesopharynx

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10
Q

Laryngopharynx is also known as

A

Hypopharynx

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11
Q

Nasopharynx is the most _____ portion that lies behind the _____

A

Cephalic
Nasal cavity

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12
Q

Nasopharynx forms part of the ______ system

A

Respiratory

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13
Q

The nasopharynx begins at the ______ to the ______

A

Posterior nasal limit
Pharyngeal isthmus

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14
Q

Each lateral wall of the nasopharynx has an opening of the _______
( one can feel this opening using the side of the tongue)

A

Auditory tube.
(This allows air passage to the middle ear for balancing)

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15
Q

The ______ or ______ is a depression behind the opening of the auditory tube. It contains ____ aka ____

A

Pharyngeal recess or fossa of Rosenmüller
Retropharyngeal lymph node aka Node of Rouvier

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16
Q

The oropharynx lies behind the ____

A

Oral cavity

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17
Q

It begins at the _____ to the _____ border of the _____

A

Isthmus
superior
Epiglottis

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18
Q

The oropharynx forms part of the ______ and _____ system

A

Digestive
Respiratory

19
Q

The laryngopharynx is the _____ part of the pharynx

A

Caudal

20
Q

The laryngopharynx begins from the _____ border of the ____ and ends at the _____ border of the ______

A

Superior
Epiglottis
Inferior
Cricoid cartilage

21
Q

Laryngopharynx has both respiratory and digestive function.
True/False

A

False
Laryngopharynx has only digestive functions.

22
Q

The pharynx consists of _____ layers of structures from within to outward namely:

A

Four
Mucous membrane
Fibrous coat
Muscular coat
Fasciae coat(buccopharyngeal fascia)

23
Q

The pharyngeal mucus membrane is the most ____ compartment lined with _____

A

Internal
Epithelium

24
Q

NOTE: Regions of the pharynx are lined with continuous epithelium lining of neighboring structure.
Nasopharynx&raquo_space;>
Orophraynx»>
Laryngopharynx&raquo_space;»

A

Psuedostratufied columnar epithelium
Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

25
Q

Why does the oropharynx and laryngopharynx have non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium?

A

Because those areas are subject to frequent wear and tear

26
Q

Pharyngeal muscles are group of muscles that form the ____ of the pharynx and are located ____ to the pharyngeal fascia

A

Bulk
Deep

27
Q

Three functions of the pharyngeal muscles:

A

Determining the shape of the pharynx
Contracts to propel food
Maintain cavity for air passage

28
Q

The pharyngeal muscles are arranged in two layers namely:

A

Outer circular layer
Inner longitudinal layer

29
Q

The outer circular layer is made of:

A

Inferior constrictor muscle
Middle constrictor muscle
Superior constrictor muscle

30
Q

The inner longitudinal layer consists:

A

Stylopharyngeus muscle
Salpingopharyngeus muscle
Palatopharyngeus muscle

31
Q

The outer circular layer has the function of:

A

Constricting the lumen and propelling food into the oesophagus

32
Q

Inferior constrictor muscle is the ______ of the three constrictor muscles. It arises from ___ areas and the fibers spread ______ and ______ to be inserted into the fibrous ______ in the _______ line of the pharynx

A

Thickest
Two( it has two origins)
Backward and medial-ward
Pharyngeal Raphe
Posterior median line of the pharynx

33
Q

The first origin is from the _______ and is known as the ______
The second origin arises from the _________ and is known as the ______

A

Thyroid cartilage - thyropharyngeal part
Cricoid cartilage- cricopharyngeal part

34
Q

The middle pharyngeal constrictor is a ____ shaped muscle. It arises from the whole length of the ____ border of the _____ and _____ border of the _____. It inserts into the ______ blending in the middle line with its same on the opposite side.

A

Fan
Upper; greater Cornu of the hyoid bone
Lower border of the lesser cornu
Posterior median fibrous raphe

35
Q

Explain the course of upper,middle and lower fibres of the fan shaped middle constrictor muscle

A

The fibers diverge from their origin: the lower ones descend beneath the inferior constrictor, the middle fibres pass transversely and the upper fibres ascend and overlap the superior constrictor.

36
Q

The superior constructor muscle is the _____ located muscle of the three pharyngeal muscles. It is a ______ muscle

A

Highest
Quadrilateral

37
Q

The superior constrictor is divided into four parts based on its origin. The fibres curve ____ to be inserted into the ______ of the pharynx.

A

Pterygopharyngeal part
Buccopharyngeal part
Glossopharyngeal part
Mylopharyngeal part
Backwards
Median raphe

38
Q

Pterygopharyngeal part>
Buccopharyngeal part>
Glossopharyngeal part>
Mylopharyngeal part>

A

•from the lower border of the posterior margin of the medial Pterygoid plate (sphenoid bone process or medial limb)
• from the pterygomandibular raphe(ligamentous band of the buccopharyngeal fascia)
•a few fibres from the posterior side of the tongue
•from alveolar process of the mandible

39
Q

The inner longitudinal layer acts to?
Name all 3 muscles in this category:

A

Shorten the pharynx during swallowing
Stylopharyngeus
Palatopharyngeus
Salpingopharyngeus

40
Q

Stylopharyngeus muscle extends form the ______ of _____. It is a ____,____ muscle that is ___ above and ___below

A

Styloid process of temporal bone
Long, slender
Cylindrical above
Flattened below

41
Q

Palatopharyngeus muscle extends from the ____ in the _____ to blend with the pharynx. It is ___,____ fasciculus , narrower in the _____ than at _____

A

Palate
Roof of the mouth
Long,fleshy
Middle
Either end

42
Q

The salpingopharyngeus muscle arises from the _____/______ in the nasal cavity then passes downward to blend with the fibers of the _________

A

Eustachian tube or pharyngotymoanic tube
Palatopharyngeus muscle

43
Q

The pharynx is supplied by the ________

A

Ascending Pharyngeal Artery( external carotid artery> common carotid artery> arch of aorta)

44
Q

Most of the sensory and motor supply is by ______ and ______ nerves respectively

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve
Vagus nerve

Anatomy 203 (11 decks)

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