Cerebellum Flashcards
____ is the largest part of the brain, most of which is _______. It is also known as ______.
Forebrain
Cerebral hemispheres
Telencephalon
Other structures found in the forebrain include the ______ , _____ and _______(aka_____)
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Limbic system(diencephalon)
Midbrain (aka______) connects the ______ and _______and it’s functions include:____ and ____ as well as ____
Mesencephalon
Forebrain
Hindbrain
Auditory responses
Visual responses
Motor function
Hind brain links the ______ and midbrain to the ______.
Forebrain
Spinal cord
The hindbrain is made up of the ______ and ______.
Metencephalon
Myelencephalon
Metencephalon is made up of _____ and _____ which maintains balance and _____ , ______ and _____.
Cerebellum
Pons
Equilibrium
Movement coordination
Conduction of sensory information
Myelencephalon is made of ______ which has autonomic functions in controlling ______ , _____ and ______
Medulla Oblongata
Breathing
Heart Rate
Digestion
The brain stem consists:
Mid brain
Pons
Medulla Oblongata
In Latin, the word Cerebellum means _____ . Structurally, the cerebellum has the appearance of a _______ attached to the ______ of the brain, tucked underneath the _______.
Little brain
Separate structure
Bottom
Cerebral hemispheres
The cerebellum is located in the ____.
Posterior Cranial Fossa
It is located ______ to the brainstem tucked underneath the cerebral hemispheres underlying it’s _____ and _____ lobes.
Posterio-superiorly
Temporal
Occipital
The cerebellum is separated from the pins and medulla by ______ and _______
Cerebral aqueduct of Sylvius
Fourth ventricle
The cerebellar cortex is the ______ layer of ____ matter consisting mainly of ______ and _____
Superficial
Grey
Nerve cell bodies
Dendrites
The cortical surface of the cerebellar cortex appears as ________ , in striking contrast to the _____ , ______convolution of cerebellar cortex.
Finely spaced parallel grooves
Broad, Irregular
Within the folds of the cerebellum are ____ number of _____ regularly arranged,thus accommodating about ___% of the total number of neurons in the brain even when the cerebellum is ___% of the total brain’s volume
Large
Thin neurons
50%
10%
Microscopically, within the thin(grey) layer of the cerebral cortex is:
Mnemonic: Mother Please Go(MPG)
Molecular layer(external)
Purkinje layer(middle)
Granular layer (Internal)
Underneath the grey matter of the cerebellar cortex lies ______ called ______ which is made up largely of ____ running to and from the cortex.
White mater
Arbor vitae
Myelinated nerve fibres
Arbor vitae(Latin) is called _____, it is the ______ of cerebellum. It is so called because of its _____ . It brings _____ and ______ sensation to and from cerebellum.
Tree of life
White mater
Tree like appearance
Sensory and motor
Deep cerebellar nuclei are embedded within the _____ of the white matter.
Name them:
Dentate nucleus
Emboliform nucleus
Globose nucleus
Falsifiable nucleus
Emboliform and Globose nuclei are collectively referred to as:
Interposed nuclei
The cerebellum is divided into two ______ separated by a narrow,______ called _____ located along the_____ plane of the cerebellum.
Cerebellar hemispheres
Midline zone
Vermis
Mid-sagittal
There are _____ anatomical lobes of the cerebellum namely:
Anterior lobe
Posterior lobe
Flocculonodular lobe
Anterior lobe is located above the ______
Primary fissure
_______ lobe is located below the primary fissure.
Posterior lobe
Flocculonodular lobe also known as ______ and _____ is located below the ______ fissure
Vestibulocerebellum
Archicerebellum
Postero-lateral fissure
These lobes divide the cerebellum from _____ and ____(top to bottom)
Rostral
Caudal
Two major fissures running ______ divide the cerebellar cortex into _____ primary lobes .
Medio-laterally
Three
The primary fissure separates the _______ into anterior and posterior lobes.
Corpus cerebelli
________ separates the flocculonodular lobe from the posterior lobe.
Posterolateral fissure
The horizontal fissure divides the posterior lobe of the cerebellum into ______ and _____ portion namely: _____ and ____
Upper
Lower
Superior posterior
Inferior posterior
Spinocerebellum comprises of _____ and the _______ of the cerebellar hemispheres
Vermis
Intermediate zone
Two functions of spinocerebellum:
It is involved in regulating body movements by allowing for error correction.
It also receives proprioceptive information
_______ is the functional equivalent of the flocculonodular lobe.
Vestibulocerebellum
Two functions of vestibulocerebellum:
• It is involved in controlling balance and ocular reflexes, mainly fixation on a target
• It receives input from the vestibular system, and sends outputs back to the vestibular nuclei.
Specific cerebellar afferent/efferent fibres are distributed to different zones of the cerebellum called the _________ zones
Functional Longitudinal zones
The four different functional longitudinal zones are:
Medial (Vermal) zone
Intermediate (Paravermal) zone
Lateral zone
Flocculonodular zone
Medial zone is also known as
Vermal zone
Paravermal zone is also known as
Intermediate zone
Medial zone is located within the _____
Vermis
The intermediate zone is directly _____ to the vermis zone
Lateral
The _____ zone is found more laterally to the intermediate zone.
Lateral
There is a clear morphological border between the intermediate zone and lateral hemisphere that are visible from a gross specimen.
True/False
False. There’s no clear morphological border between the intermediate zone and lateral hemispheres that are visible from a gross specimen
The _______ zone is within the flocculonodular lobe
Flocculonodular
The Vermal zone is found along the ______ of the ______. This region is responsible for _____
Length
Maintaining balance
