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Anatomy 203 > Osteology of the Head > Flashcards

Osteology of the Head Flashcards

1
Q

_____ is the superior part of the body that’s is attached to the trunk by the ____

A

Head
Neck

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2
Q

Head is composed of ____ and it’s ____ ,____ and ____

A

The brain
Protective coverings
The ears
The face

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3
Q

The _____(aka____) is the skeleton of the head.

A

Cranium
Skull

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4
Q

The skull consists of two parts, namely:

A

Neurocranium
Viscerocranium

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5
Q

Neurocranium is also known as

A

Cranial Vault

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6
Q

Cranium is the bony covering(case) of ____ and it’s membranous coverings,_____

A

Brain
Cranial meninges

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7
Q

Cranial vault also contains proximal parts of _____ and the ______ of the brain

A

Cranial nerves
Vasculature

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8
Q

The neurocranium has:
a _______ called _____(aka _____)
and a _____ or ______ (aka _______)

A

Dome-like roof
Calvaria(skull cap)
Floor or cranial base
Basicranium

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9
Q

The neurocranium In ADULTS is formed by a series of ____ bones.

A

Eight

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10
Q

In the neurocranium, _____ are singular bones and the other ____ set of bones occur as ______.

A

Four
Two
Bilateral pairs

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11
Q

The four singular bones of the neurocranium are,namely:

A

Frontal
Ethmoidal
Sphenoidal
Occipital

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12
Q

The two sets of bones in the neurocranium occurring as bilateral pairs are:

A

Temporal
Parietal

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13
Q

The ____ bone is an ____ bone that makes a relatively ____ , _____ contribution to the _____ but is primarily part of the ______

A

Ethmoid
Irregular
Minor, midline
Neurocranium
Viscerocranium

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14
Q

Viscerocranium is also known as

A

Facial skeleton

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15
Q

Viscerocranium comprises the ____ bones

A

Facial

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16
Q

Viscerocranium forms the ____ part of the cranium

A

Anterior

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17
Q

Viscerocranium consists of the bones surrounding the _____ ( ______ ) , ____ /____ cavity, most of the ____ ( aka _____ or _____).

A

Mouth (upper and lower jaw)
Nose/Nasal cavity
Orbits( Eye sockets or orbital cavities)

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18
Q

Viscerocranium consists of ____ , _____ bones

A

15
Irregular

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19
Q

In the viscerocranium , _____ are singular bones

A

Three

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20
Q

In the viscerocranium, ____ bones occur as bilateral pairs

A

6

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21
Q

The three singular bones in the viscerocranium are:

A

Mandible
Ethmoid
Vomer

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22
Q

The six bilateral paired bones of the viscerocranium are:

A

Maxillae
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Zygomatic
Palatine
Nasal
Lacrimal bones

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23
Q

The ____ and _____ house the teeths

A

Maxillae
Mandible

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24
Q

They provide sockets and supporting bone for the maxillary and mandibular teeth.
What bones have this function?

A

Maxillae
Mandible

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25
Q

The _____ contribute the greatest part of the ___ facial skeleton.

A

Maxillae
Upper

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26
Q

The maxillae form the skeleton of the ____ jaw.

A

Upper

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27
Q

The ______ is fixed to the cranial base.

A

Maxillae

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28
Q

The _____ forms the skeleton of the lower jaw.

A

Mandible

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29
Q

The mandible is _____ because it articulates with the cranial base at the ______ joints (TMJ)

A

Movable
Temporomandibular

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30
Q

Anterior or facial(frontal) aspect of the cranium features include:

A

Frontal bone
Zygomatic bones
Orbits
Nasal region
Maxillae
Mandible

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31
Q

The frontal bone is a ______ or _____ part

A

Squamous
Flat

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32
Q

Frontal bone forms the skeleton of the ______

A

Forehead

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33
Q

The frontal bone articulates _____ with nasal and ______ bones

A

Inferiorly
Zygomatic

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34
Q

The supraorbital margin can be found on what bone?
It has a ______(aka_____) for the passage of ________ and ____

A

Frontal bone
Supraorbital foramen or supraorbital notch
Supraorbital vessels and nerves

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35
Q

Just superior to the supraorbital margin is a ridge called ____

A

Superciliary arch

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36
Q

Between superciliary arches is a smooth, slightly depressed area called the _____

A

GLABELLA

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37
Q

The _______ is the anterior most projecting part of the forehead

A

Glabella

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38
Q

Just above the glabella is a point on the midline of the forehead called the _____

A

Ophryon

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39
Q

The _____ is the most anterior point on the midline of the mandible which is the most prominent part of the skin.

A

Pogonion

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40
Q

______ is a depressed area that marks the intersection of the ____ and _____ bones.

A

NASION
Frontal
Nasal

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41
Q

The frontal bone also articulates with the ______ ,______ and ______ bones.

A

Lacrimal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid

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42
Q

The nasal region is made up of a pair of ____ bones which are joined together at ____ by the ______.

A

Nasal
Midline
Nasal Septum

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43
Q

A _____ shaped _____ aperture is _____ to these nasal bones

A

Pear
Piriform
Inferior

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44
Q

The bony _______ can be observed through this aperture dividing the nasal cavity into the right and left parts

A

Nasal septum

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45
Q

The _______ are curved bony plates found on the lateral wall of each nasal cavity

A

Nasal conchae

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46
Q

Maxillae occur in _____

A

Pairs

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47
Q

The two maxillae are united at the _______ in the _____ plane

A

Intermaxillary suture
Median

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48
Q

Maxillae articulates with the _____ bone ______ and ______ bones _____

A

Frontal
Anteriorly
Zygomatic
Laterally

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49
Q

On the body of the maxillae is the ______.
This is for the passage of the ________ and ______

A

Infraorbital foramen
Infraorbital nerves and vessels

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50
Q

Mandible is a ___- shaped bone

A

U

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51
Q

The mandible’s _____ processes supports mandibular teeth.

A

Alveolar

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52
Q

The mandible consists of :
A horizontal part called ______
A ______ part called ______

A

Body
Vertical; Ramus

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53
Q

Inferior to the ________ is the mental ______ for the passage of ______

A

Second premolar teeth
Foramina
Mental nerves and vessels

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54
Q

The _____ of the mandible has a _____ swelling called the ______

A

Base
Midline
Mental Protuberance

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55
Q

The ______ are more pronounced _______ , _______ to the mental protuberance on either side.

A

Mental tubercles
Bumps
Lateral

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56
Q

Zygomatic bones are also known as, namely:

A

Cheek bone
Malar bone

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57
Q

On the ______ aspect of the zygomatic bone is a foramen called _______

A

Zygomaticofacial foramen

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58
Q

The zygomaticofacial foramen allows for the passage of the _____

A

Zygomaticofacial nerve

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59
Q

Zygomatic bone articulates with the ____ , _____ , ______ and _______ bones

A

Frontal
Sphenoidal
Maxillae
Temporal

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60
Q

Tooth sockets are also known as?

A

Alveoli; they are tooth sockets in which the roots of teeth are held in the alveolar process.

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61
Q

The superior aspect of the skull is known as? (Hint: two points)

A

Calvaria
Skull cap

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62
Q

Bones forming the superior aspect of the skull include? State whether each bone is paired or unpaired..
MNEMONIC: FrOP

A

Frontal bone - unpaired
Parietal bones - paired
Occipital bone - unpaired

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63
Q

The outer surface of the skull possess a number of _____

A

Landmarks

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64
Q

The frontal bone articulates with the paired ______ bones at the _____ suture

A

Parietal
CORONAL

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65
Q

The two parietal bones articulate with each other at the _____suture

A

SAGITTAL

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66
Q

The paired parietal bones articulate with the occipital bone at the _____suture

A

LAMBDOID

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67
Q

The junction(intersection) between the coronal and sagittal sutures is called the
_______

A

Bregma

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68
Q

The junction(intersection) between the sagittal suture and lambdoid suture is called the _____

A

Lambda

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69
Q

The ______ is the most superior point of the skull near the _____ of the ______ suture

A

Vertex
Midpoint
Sagittal

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70
Q

The _____ foramen can be found on the parietal bone. It is variable.

A

Parietal

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71
Q

The parietal foramen allows for the passage of _____

A

Emissary veins

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72
Q

_____ is the region of the skull between the two parietal foramina where the closure of the sagittal suture usually _____

A

Obelion
Begins

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73
Q

List the types of fracture of the calvaria

A

Depressed fracture
Linear calvaria fractures
Comminuted fractures
Contrecoup(counterblow fracture)

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74
Q

The obliteration of sutures between the bones of the calvaria usually begins between the ages of ____ and ____ year’s on the ____ surface and approximately ____ years later on the ____ surface.

A

30;40
Internal
10
External

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75
Q

Obliteration of sutures usually begins at the _____ and continues sequentially in the _____ , _____ and _____ sutures.(Better Sleep Comfortably Low)

A

Bregma
Sagittal
Coronal
Lambdoid

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76
Q

In the skull of a newborn baby, the halves of the frontal bone in the ______ are separated by the _____ suture.

A

Newborn
Frontal

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77
Q

In the skull of a newborn baby,the ____ and _____ bones are separated by the coronal suture.

A

Frontal
Parietal

78
Q

In the skull of a newborn baby, the maxillae are separated by the _____ suture

A

Intermaxillary

79
Q

In the skull of a newborn baby, the mandible consists of ___ halves united in the ____ plane by the ______

A

Two
Median
Mandibular Symphysis

80
Q

The union of the two halves of the mandible begins during the ____ year and the halves are fused by ______

A

1st year
end of the 2nd year

81
Q

The mastoid process and styloid process are present at birth of a newborn baby.
True/False

A

False;both are absent.

82
Q

The mastoid processes form gradually during the ____ year

A

1st

83
Q

The bones of the calvaria of a newborn infant are separated by _____ intervals called _______

A

Membranous
Fontanelles

84
Q

How many fontanelles are found in the skull of a newborn? List them:

A

Four fontanelles
Anterior fontanelle
Posterior fontanelle
Paired sphenoidal fontanelle
Paired mastoid fontanelle

85
Q

______ fontanelle is the largest fontanelle

A

Anterior

86
Q

Shape of the anterior fontanelle is _____ or _____ shaped.

A

Diamond or star

87
Q

Anterior fontanelle is bounded by the halves of the ____ bone _____ and the ______ bones _____.

A

Frontal bone; anteriorly
Parietal bones; posteriorly

88
Q

The anterior fontanelle is found at the junction of the _____ , ______ and ______ sutures. The future site of _____.

A

Sagittal
Coronal
Frontal
Bregma

89
Q

By ____ of age, the surrounding bones have fused and the anterior fontanelle is no longer clinically palpable.

A

18 months

90
Q

The union of the halves of the frontal bone of a newborn begins in the ___ year. In most cases, the frontal suture is obliterated by the ____ year.

A

2nd
8th

91
Q

A remnant of the frontal suture persists called _____ .( NB: This is seen in approximately ____ of people)

A

Metopic suture
8%

92
Q

The posterior fontanelle is _____ in shape.

A

Triangular

93
Q

The posterior fontanelle is bounded by the _____ bones _____ and the _____ bone ______.

A

Parietal bones; anteriorly
Occipital bone; posteriorly

94
Q

The posterior fontanelle is found at the junction of the ______ and _____ sutures. This is the future site of ______.

A

Sagittal
Lambdoid
Lambda

95
Q

The posterior fontanelle begins to close during the ________ and by the end of the _____ year, it is small and no longer clinically palpable.

A

First few months after birth
1st

96
Q

The sphenoidal and mastoid fontanelle are overlain by the _______ muscle

A

Temporal

97
Q

The sphenoidal and mastoid fontanelles fuse during ______ and are less important clinically than the midline fontanelles.

A

Infancy

98
Q

The halves of the mandible fuse early in the _____ year

A

2nd

99
Q

The ______ and _____ bones usually do not fuse.

A

Two maxillae
Nasal bones

100
Q

Name two factors that are responsible for the change in shape of the calvaria during birth.

A

Softness of the cranial bones in infants
Loose connections at the sutures and fontanelles of the cranial bone.

101
Q

During the passage of the fetus through the birth canal, the halves of the frontal bone become _____ , the occipital bone is ______ and one parietal bone slightly overrides the other.

A

Flat
Drawn out

102
Q

The ______ of the calvaria also permit the cranium to enlarge during infancy and childhood.

A

Fibrous sutures

103
Q

The increase in the size of the calvaria is greatest during the ______ years, the period of the most rapid development.

A

First 2

104
Q

The _____ years is the period of the most rapid brain development.

A

First 2

105
Q

The calvaria normally increases in capacity for ___ - ___ years. After this, the calvaria usually increases slightly in size for ___ - ___ years as a result of ______.

A

15-16
3-4
Bone thickening

106
Q

Explain craniosynostosis. It results in several ______.

A

It is the premature closure of the cranial sutures.
Cranial malformations.

107
Q

______ is the premature closure of the sagittal suture, in which the ______ fontanelle is small or absent. It results in a long, narrow, _____- shaped cranium.

A

Scaphocephaly
Anterior
Wedge-shaped

108
Q

Plagiocephaly is the premature closure of the _____ or _____ suture occurs on ____ side only.

A

Coronal or Lambdoid
One

109
Q

_______(aka ______) is the premature closure of the _____ suture which results in a high, tower-like cranium.

A

Oxycephaly
Turricephaly
Coronal

110
Q

Oxycephaly/Turricephaly is more common in ______.

A

Females

111
Q

Premature closure of sutures usually does not affect brain development.
True/False

A

True

112
Q

Lateral part of the skull consists the lateral part of the neurocranium and the lateral part of the viscerocranium. Name the bones from each part of the skull.

A

Viscerocranium: Nasal, maxilla, zygomatic bones and the mandible.
Neurocranium: the frontal, parietal, occipital, sphenoid and temporal bones.

113
Q

The main features of the neurocranial part are:

A

Temporal fossa
The external acoustic opening
Mastoid process of the temporal bone

114
Q

The main features of the viscerocranium part:

A

Infratemporal fossa
Zygomatic arch
Lateral aspects of the maxilla and mandible

115
Q

_____ is the junction where the frontal, parietal,______(specifically______) and _____ bone meet.

A

PTERION

116
Q

PTERION is usually indicated by an ____- shaped formation of sutures.

A

H

117
Q

How is the Pterion clinically important?

A

It overlies the middle meningeal artery. Fracture to the Pterion can rupture the anterior branch of this artery leading to hematoma which exerts pressure on the underlying cerebral cortex. An untreated meningeal artery can cause hemorrhage which can lead to death in a few hours.

118
Q

The temporal bone(lateral aspect of the skull) articulates with the ______ of sphenoid at the ______ suture

A

Greater wing
Sphenosquamous suture

119
Q

The lateral aspect of the temporal bone has a ______ which articulates with the zygomatic bone to form the ______

A

Zygomatic process
Zygomatic arch

120
Q

The lateral aspect of the temporal bone has a tympanic part which has the _____

A

External acoustic meatus

121
Q

The lateral aspect of the temporal bone has a _______ part which is usually separated into the petrous and mastoid part.

A

Petromastoid

122
Q

A large bony prominence projects from the _____ border of the _____ part of the temporal bone called the __________

A

Inferior
Mastoid
Mastoid process

123
Q

Medial to the mastoid process is the _____ process which projects from the _______ border of the temporal bone

A

Styloid process
Lower

124
Q

The point where the superior temporal line cuts the _____ suture is called the ______

A

Coronal
Stephanion

125
Q

The junction of three sutures is called the _____. Name the three sutures:

A

Asterion
Parietomastoid
Occipitomastoid
Lambdoid

126
Q

Bones of the posterior part of the skull include:

A

Occipital bone
Parts of the parietal bones
Temporal bones(mastoid part)

127
Q

The occipital bone is separated from the paired occipital bone by the _____ suture

A

Lambdoid suture

128
Q

Along the Lambdoid suture are small bones called _____(aka ______)

A

Sutural or Wormian bones

129
Q

At the posterior aspect of the skull is a midline projection called the _____

A

External occipital protuberance

130
Q

At the posterior aspect of the skull, there are curved lines that extend laterally from the midline projection called the ______

A

Superior Nuchal lines

131
Q

The most prominent part of the external occipital protuberance is the _____

A

Inion

132
Q

About __ inch or ___cm below the nuchal lines are additional 2 likes called the _____ which curves ____

A

One(1) inch or 2.5cm
Inferior nuchal lines
Laterally

133
Q

Extending downwards from the external occipital protuberance is the _______

A

External Occipital Crest

134
Q

In between the mastoid and occipital bones is the _______ suture

A

Occipitomastoid

135
Q

The obliteration of sutures between the bones of the calvaria usually begins between the ages ___ - ___ years on the _____ surface and approximately ____ years later on the _____ surface

A

30-40; Internal
10; external

136
Q

The internal surface of the cranial base of the skull is called

A

Cranial fossa

137
Q

There are ___, ____ depressions that lies at three different levels. Name them:

A

Three
Large
Anterior Cranial Fossa
Middle Cranial Fossa
Posterior Cranial Fossa

138
Q

These three depressions of the internal surface of the cranial base form the ____-shaped floor of the cranial cavity

A

Bowl

139
Q

The anterior Cranial Fossa is the _____ level(_____).

A

Highest; shallowest

140
Q

The Posterior Cranial Fossa is at the ______ level(_____).

A

Lowest;Deepest

141
Q

Sitting on the floor of the Anterior Cranial Fossa is _____ of the ______

A

Frontal lobes
Cerebral Hemispheres

142
Q

Sitting on the floor of the lateral portion of the middle Cranial Fossa is the ________, and in the midline of the middle Cranial Fossa is the ______

A

Temporal lobe
Pituitary Gland

143
Q

Sitting on the anterior portion of the floor of the posterior Cranial Fossa is the ______ which consists of _____ , ______ ,______ and occupying the rest of the posterior Cranial Fossa are the _______

A

Brainstem
Midbrain, Pons and Medulla Oblongata
Cerebellar Hemispheres

144
Q

The occipital lobe sits on the floor of the posterior Cranial Fossa as well as the cerebellum.
True/False

A

False. The occipital lobe does not sit on the floor of the posterior Cranial Fossa. Only the cerebellum does.

145
Q

Anterior Cranial Fossa is the shallowest of the three Cranial fossae
True/False

A

True

146
Q

Anterior Cranial Fossa lodges the ______ lobe of the brain

A

Frontal lobe

147
Q

Anterior Cranial Fossa is formed by ___ bones.

A

Three

148
Q

Bones that form the anterior cranial Fossa:
______ bone- ______ and ______ directions
_______ bone- ______portion
____ parts of the ______ bone in the _____ portion

A

Frontal; anterior, lateral
Ethmoid; midline
2; Sphenoid, posterior

149
Q

The part of the frontal bone in the anterior Cranial Fossa is the ______/_____

A

Orbital part or orbital surface
It takes most part of the frontal bone.

150
Q

The ethmoid bone of the anterior Cranial Fossa is made up of:
A _____ which projects superiorly called the _____
A ____-like ________ plate of ethmoid which lies on each sides of this ridge

A

Ridge
Sieve;cribriform

151
Q

The 2 parts of the Sphenoid bone in the anterior Cranial Fossa are:

A

The jugum; aka yoke of the body of the sphenoid bone
The lesser wing of sphenoid

152
Q

The cribriform plate of ethmoid has numerous tiny ______ that transmits _______ nerves aka _______ from the olfactory area of the ______ to the _______ of the ______

A

Foramina
Olfactory nerves
Cranial nerves I (CN I)
Nasal Cavity
Olfactory bulb;brain

153
Q

The frontal bone also has a bony _____ extension called the _____. At it’s base is the _______

A

Median
Frontal crest
Foramen cecum

154
Q

The foramen cecum varies in size in different individuals and is frequently impervious(impenetrable); when open, it transmits the _______ from the ____ to the _______

A

Emissary vein
Nose
Superior Sagittal sinus

155
Q

Clinical importance of foramen cecum

A

Infections of the nose and nearby areas can be transmitted to the meninges and brain.

156
Q

Each lesser wing widens and curves ______ and ends as a rounded _____

A

Posteriorly
Anterior Clinoid process

157
Q

Just _____ to each anterior clinoid process is a _____ opening in the lesser wing of the sphenoid called the ______

A

Anterior
Circular
Optic canal

158
Q

Optic canal allows for the passage of:

A

Ophthalmic artery
Optic nerve aka Cranial nerve II to pass through as they exit the cranial cavity to enter the orbit

159
Q

The optic canals are usually included in the Middle Cranial Fossa.
True/False

A

True

160
Q

Middle Cranial Fossa is _____ shaped

A

Butterfly

161
Q

Separating the anterior and midline cranial fossae are the sharp _______ laterally and the _____ centrally

A

Sphenoidal crests
Sphenoid limbus

162
Q

The sphenoid limbus forms the _____ boundary of the ______ and the ______ boundary of the ________

A

Posterior;jugum
Anterior; prechiasmatic sulcus

163
Q

The prechiasmatic sulcus is bounded posteriorly by the ______. It is a smooth groove stretching between the _______across the body of the sphenoid.

A

Tuberculum Sellae
Optic canals

164
Q

The middle cranial Fossa is formed mainly by the:

A

Parts of the sphenoid bone
Parts of the temporal bone

165
Q

The parts of the sphenoid involved are:

A

Sella Turcica(part of the body of the sphenoid)
Greater wings of sphenoid laterally

166
Q

Sella Turcica has ____ parts

A

3

167
Q

Sella turcica:
Anterior wall called the _______
Posterior wall called the ______
Deep central part lying between the anterior and posterior wall _______ and houses ______

A

Tuberculum sella
Dorsum sella
Hypophyseal fossa; pituitary gland

168
Q

On each side of the body of sphenoid are _____ foramina perforating the roots of the greater wings namely:

A

Superior orbital fissure
Foramen Rotundum
Foramen Ovale
Foramen Spinosum

169
Q

Superior orbital fissure is a _____ gap separates the _______ from the _______ of the sphenoid

A

Diagonal
Greater wing
Lesser wing

170
Q

Superior orbital fissure allows for passage of:

A

Cranial nerves III, IV and VI (occulomotor, trochlear and Abducens nerves)
Ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve (CN V)
Ophthalmic vein

171
Q

Foramen rotundum allows for passage of the ______ division of the trigeminal nerve(CN V2)

A

Maxillary

172
Q

Formans ovale allows for the passage of the ______ division of the trigeminal nerve(CN V3)

A

Mandibular

173
Q

Foramen spinosum allows for the passage of the ______ and the _____

A

Middle meningeal artery
Meningeal branch of mandibular nerve

174
Q

Parts of the temporal bone include:
______ part of the temporal bone laterally
Petrous part of the temporal bone ______

A

Squamous
Posteriorly

175
Q

On the ____ part of the temporal bone are grooves for both _____ and ______ nerves

A

Petrous
Greater and lesser petrosal nerves

176
Q

_____ to the hypophyseal Fossa is the foramen lacerum

A

Posterolateral

177
Q

In life the foramen lacerum is closed by a ____

A

Cartilage plate

178
Q

Only some _______and _____ are transmitted vertically through the cartilage

A

Meningeal arterial branches and small veins

179
Q

The lateral parts of the middle Cranial Fossa support the _______lobes of the brim

A

Temporal lobes

180
Q

The boundary between the middle and posterior Cranial fossae is the:

A

Superior border of the petrous part of the temporal bone laterally
Flat plate of bone, the dorsum sellae of the sphenoid medially

181
Q

Posterior Cranial Fossa is the _____ and ____ of the three Cranial Fossa

A

Largest and deepest

182
Q

The posterior Cranial Fossa lodges the _____ (consisting of _____,______ and _____) and ______

A

Brainstem
Medulla Oblongata, Pons and midbrain
Cerebellum

183
Q

The posterior Cranial Fossa is formed mainly by _____ and _____ bone

A

Occipital and temporal bone

184
Q

The slope extending down from the dorsum sellae leading to the foramen _____ is called the _____

A

Magnum
Clivus

185
Q

Posterior to the foramen magnum are _____ which accommodates the _____

A

Cerebellar fossae
Cerebellar hemispheres

186
Q

The cerebellar fossae are partly divided by the ______ into ____ , _____ impression

A

Internal Occipital Crest
Bilateral concave

187
Q

The internal occipital crest ends ______ in a bony prominence called the ______

A

Superiorly
Internal Occipital Protuberance

188
Q

The internal Acoustic meatus allows the passage of ______ aka ______ and the ______ aka _____

A

Facial nerve ; CN VII
Vestibulochear nerve; CN VIII

189
Q

Jugular foramen allows the passage of :

A

3 cranial nerves; CN IX, CN X, CN XI aka glossopharyngeal, Vagus and Accessory nerve
2 important venous structures, the dura venous sinuses, coming in from the posterior side is the SIGMOID SINUS and the anterior side is the INFERIOR PETROSAL SINUS
NB: These two sinuses enter the jugular foramen and when they emerge from the other side, they fuse together and once fused together, they are called the internal jugular vein

190
Q

Hypoglossal canal is located superior to the _____ margin of the foramen ______ and allows for the passage of the ______ aka _____

A

Anterolateral
Magnum
Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

191
Q

Foramen Magnum allows for the passage of :
(Hint:3 structures)

A

•The spinal cord which is continuous with the medullary Oblongata
•The two vertebral arteries
•The spinal continuation of accessory nerve, the spinal accessory nerve

Anatomy 203 (11 decks)

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