PHARYNGITIS Flashcards
Refers to sudden , painful swelling of the back of the throat that includes posterior third of the tongue , soft palate , and tonsils.
PHARYNGITIS
It causes itchiness in the throat and difficulty swallowing.
PHARYNGITIS
More cases occur during the ____ months of the year
PHARYNGITIS
COLDER
CLASSIFICATION OF PHARYNGITIS
ACUTE P
CHRONIC P
characterized by the rapid onset of sore throat and pharyngeal inflammation (with or without exudate). It can be generated by a variety of bacterial and viral pathogens, including fungal pathogens (Candida) as well as group A streptococcus)
Acute pharyngitis
_________ pharyngitis is more prevalent in winter (or early spring )
BACTERIAL
is more prevalent in the summer and fall.
PHARYNGITIS
ENTEROVIRAL
ACUTE PHARYNGITIS A self limited condition with resolved within ___
two weeks.
it refers to persistent inflammation of the pharynx .
Chronic pharyngitis
Common in adults who works in dusty surroundings , too much abuse of their voice , suffer from chronic cough , or habitually use of alcohol and tobacco
CHRONIC PHARYNGITIS
Categories of chronic pharyngitis
Hypertonic
Atrophic
Chronic granular
refers to general thickening and congestion of the pharyngeal mucous membrane.
Hypertonic-
it is a late stage of the first type(the membrane is tin , whitish , glistering and at times wrinkled)
Atrophic-
characterized by numerous swollen lymph follicles on the pharyngeal wall.
Chronic granular(clergyman’s sore throat)-
Viral condition that can cause pharyngitis
Flu
Common cold / adenovirus
Measles
Chicken pox
Mononucleosis(mono caused by Epstein-Barr virus)
Croup(childhood illness)
Herpes simplex
Enterovirus
the most common and important bacterial cause of pharyngitis.Need to take antibiotic to relieve symptoms.
Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus GAS) –
If you have a viral infection you will be contagious until
your fever runs its course.
If you have strep throat , you may be contagious
from the onset until you’ve spent 24 hrs on antibiotics.
Risk factors for Pharyngitis
Cold and flu season
Close contact with someone who has a sore throat or cold
Smoking or exposure second hand smoked
Frequent sinus infection
Allergies
______ causes most cases of acute pharyngitis.
Viral infection
PHARYNGITIS Responsible viruses include the
adenovirus , influenza virus , Epstein-Barr virus and herpes simplex virus.
Ten percent of adults with pharyngitis have a ______, which is commonly referred to as group A streptococcus(GAS) or streptococcal pharyngitis
group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus(GABHS)
Other bacterial organisms implicated in acute pharyngitis include
Mycoplasma pneumoniae , Neiserria gonorrhoeae and H.influenza type B
is one of the most common known bacterial pathogens of the respiratory tract and is encountered frequently in people with upper respiratory symptoms.
M.pneumoniae
PHARYNGITIS Complications include
sinusitis , otitis media , peritonsillar abscess , mastoiditis and cervical adenitis
PHARYNGITIS In rare cases , the infection may lead to
bacteremia , pneumonia , meningitis , rheumatic fever and nephritis
Symptoms of a sore throat can vary depending on the cause.
Signs and symptoms might include
Pain or a scratchy sensation in the throat
Pain that worsens with swallowing or talking
Difficulty swallowing
Sore, swollen glands in your neck or jaw
Swollen, red tonsils
White patches or pus on your tonsils
A hoarse or muffled voice
Infections causing a sore throat might result in other signs and symptoms, including:
Fever
Cough
Runny nose
Sneezing
Body aches
Headache
Nausea or vomiting
Ways to diagnosed pharyngitis
1.Physical exam
2.Throat culture
3.Blood test(presence mononucleosis)
A sore throat caused by a viral infection usually lasts ______ and doesn’t usually require medical treatment. Antibiotics don’t help treat a viral infection.
five to seven days
Never give ___ to children or teenagers because it has been linked to Reye’s syndrome, a rare but potentially life-threatening condition that causes swelling in the liver and brain.
aspirin
