Pharyngeal Arches

Question 1

Two general phases of pharyngeal Arch development

Answer 1

1) Formation of pharyngeal System

2) Development of pharyngeal Derivatives

Question 2

Cyst Definition

Answer 2

Sealed cavity filled with air, pus, fluid

Question 3

Sinus Def

Answer 3

Cavity within a tissue. Can open externally

Question 4

Fistula Def

Answer 4

Abnormal connection b/w 2 structures

Question 5

Which Pharyngeal arch does not form?

Answer 5

Arch 5

Question 6

When do pharyngeal arches emerge?

Answer 6

At neural Tube Closure

Question 7

What are pharyngeal arches?

Answer 7

Ectodermal pushes filled with mesenchyme

Question 8

When in timeline do pharyngeal arches emerge?

Answer 8

At 4 wks

Question 9

How many arches can you see at start of wk 5 of the arches?

Answer 9

3-4 arches

Question 10

What layers do pharyngeal arches contain?

Answer 10

All 3.5 Layers

Question 11

What 5 components are in every arch?

Answer 11

1) Aortic Arch
2) Cartilaginous Rod
3) Muscular Component
4) Nerve
5) Neural Crest

Question 12

What does the oropharyngeal membrane connect?

Answer 12

Stomodeum and primitive gut

Question 13

What is the fate of Aortic arches 1&2

Answer 13

Disappear. Remains are:

1) Maxillary A.
2) Ext. Carotid A.
3) Stapedial A.

Question 14

What is the fate of Aortic Arches 3,4&6

Answer 14

Remodeled into:

1) Int. carotid A.
2) Aortic Subclavian A.
3) Pulmonary A.

Question 15

Where do Aortic Arches arise from?

Answer 15

From the mesoderm

Question 16

What do Aortic Arches bridge?

Answer 16

The trunks arterioles and dorsal aorta

Question 17

Structures formed through IO

Answer 17

Temporal Bone
Zygomatic Bone
Maxilla
Mandible

Question 18

Structures that form through IO, come directly from?

Answer 18

Mesoderm

Question 19

Structures that form through EO, come directly from?

Answer 19

Cartilage

Question 20

Where are muscles developed from?

Answer 20

mesoderm of individual arches

Question 21

Muscles that come from arch 1

Answer 21

Muscles of mastication

Question 22

Muscles that come from arch 2

Answer 22

Muscles of facial expression

Question 23

Muscles that come from arch 3

Answer 23

Stylopharyngeous

Question 24

Muscles that come from Arch 4

Answer 24

Pharyngeal Constrictors

Question 25

Muscles that come from arch 6

Answer 25

laryngeal Muscles

Except Cricothyroid

Question 26

Nerves that come from Arch 1

Answer 26

CN V

Question 27

Nerves that come from arch 2

Answer 27

CN 7

Question 28

Nerves that come from arch 3

Answer 28

CN 9

Question 29

Nerves that come from arch 4

Answer 29

Vagus

SUperior Laryngeal

Question 30

Nerves that come from arch 6

Answer 30

Recurrent Laryngeal

Question 31

Bones that come from arch 3

Answer 31

Greater horn of Hyoid

Lower portion of body of Hyoid

Question 32

Bones from arch 2

Answer 32

Stapes
Styloid process
Lesser Horn of Hyoid
Upper portion of body of Hyoid

Question 33

Bones from arch 1

Answer 33

Meckel's Cartilage
maxilla
Mandible
Malleus
Incus

Question 34

Maxillary Process Forms what of face?

Answer 34

From upper lip and up

Question 35

Treacher Collins Syndrome is a mutation in what?

Answer 35

Treacle

Question 36

Pierre Robins Syndrome looks like what?

Answer 36

Hypoplasia of mandible
Cleft palate
Airway obstruction

Question 37

Problems with first arch leads to these syndromes

Answer 37

Pierre Robins

Treacher Collins

Question 38

Clefts are lined with?

Answer 38

Ectoderm

Question 39

What is the only cleft normally not obliterated in development?

Answer 39

Cleft 1

Question 40

Cleft 1 Gives rise to

Answer 40

External Auditory meatus

Question 41

What are congenital Auricular sinuses and cysts?

Answer 41

Sinuses and cysts found in triangular area of skin anterior to ear

Question 42

Internal branchial… sinus, cyst and fistula

Answer 42

Peristent second pouch. Opens into intra-tonsillar cleft

Question 43

Lateral Cervical…. sinus, cyst and fistula

Answer 43

Open externally (neck). Failure of second groove or cervical sinus to obliterate