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Oral Biology 2 > Development of Enamel 2 > Flashcards

Development of Enamel 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What determines geometry of rod and interred enamel?

A

Geometry of individual ameloblast

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2
Q

The rods in the outer enamel (Not outermost) are _____ compared to the enamel rods in the inner enamel

A

Much straighter

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3
Q

Which way does dentin form?

A

inward, toward pulp

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4
Q

Which way does enamel form?

A

Outwards

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5
Q

Is enamel formation simultaneous?

A

Noooo

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6
Q

Even though enamel as a whole is being formed outwards, Enamel formation goes ______

A

apically

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7
Q

What proteins help in enamel deposition

3

A

Amelogenins
Ameloblastins
Enamelin

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8
Q

What protein is in charge of organic component degradation

A

Enamelysin

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9
Q

what is the main protein family in developing enamel?

A

Amelogenins

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10
Q

When is amelogenin only expressed?

A

While enamel is being produced - stops during maturation

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11
Q

What Enamel protein restricts lateral HA growth?

A

Amelogenins

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12
Q

Amelogenins preventing lateral HA crystal growth prevents what?

A

Crystal fusion

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13
Q

Loss of function from amelogenins= ?

A

No enamel Rods

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14
Q

When is ameloblastin expresed

A

All the way through to maturation

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15
Q

Ameloblastin role

A

Ameloblast adhesion to developing enamel

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16
Q

Ameloblastin accounts for 10 % of what?

A

of enamel organic content

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17
Q

What is the least abundant enamel protein?

A

Enamelin

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18
Q

What is the largest enamel protein

A

Enamelin

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19
Q

Enamelin accounts for what percentage of enamel proteins

A

less than 5%

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20
Q

What protein is only present at the leading edge of enamel deposition?

A

Enamelin

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21
Q

Loss of function of ameliblastin =

A

Ameloblasts fall off… thus no enamel

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22
Q

Enamelin function

A

Promotes crystal elongation

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23
Q

Loss of function of enamelin =

A

No enamel

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24
Q

What protein is MMP 20

A

Enamelysin

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25
When is enamelysin found?
During enamel deposition
26
Enamelysin function
Chop up Ameloblastin and Enamelin
27
Enamelysin is critical for what function?
Removal of organic component to allow increased mineralization
28
Enamel Matrix serine protease is secreted when?
During modulation events of enamel maturation
29
Enamel Matrix Serine Protease function
Degrades Amelogenins
30
Loss of function of enamel matrix serine protease =
Immature Enamel
31
What type of collagen is missing from basal lamina
Collagen 4
32
Why does enamel etching provide better bonding surface?
1) Bc etching increases porosity of enamel surface. Thus allows for infiltration of material into tissue 2) Removes crap on surface of enamel
33
What does enamel etching dissolve?
Enamel crystals
34
What parts of enamel crystal are more vulnerable?
Carbonated apatite. So Inner Enamel
35
How is enamel dissolved? (directionally)
From Inside to outer edges. Inside out.
36
What part of enamel crystal dissolves first
The edges, then core
37
3 possible patterns when etching enamel
1- Removes rods 2- Removes interred enamel 3-random
38
Does etching enamel produce the same result every time?
NOPE
39
why does etching of enamel produce different result?
Different orientation of crystals
40
Rod crystal ends are _______ to enamel surface
Perpendicular
41
Interrod crystal ends are ____
Not generally exposed
42
Abrasion def
Removal of enamel by aggressive force
43
Abfraction def
Notch like cervical lesions caused by cyclic loading of teeth which places stress on the interred interface... Causing rods to separate
44
Erosion def
Removal of enamel by break down of acids
45
What happens to thickness of enamel with age?
it thins
46
What happens to water content of enamel as you age
Less water and crystals increase in size
47
Brittleness as you age?
More brittle
48
Permeability as you age?
Decreased permeability
49
Why less caries as you age?
Bc 1) increased fluoride content 2) Topographical loss of susceptible areas 3) Less refined carbs consumed by adult (extrinsic factor)
50
3 types of structural features of enamel
1) Periodic Features 2) Optical Features 3) Histological Features
51
What are the periodic features | 3
Striae of Retzius Perikymata Cross Striations
52
What are the optical features | 2
Hunter-Schreger Bands | Gnarled Enamel
53
Histological Features | 3
Enamel Tufts Enamel Lamellae Enamel Spindles
54
What does striae of Retzius look like
Longitudinal lines on ground sections running from DEJ to enamel surface
55
Striae of Retzius organic content
Increased organic content
56
What do the Stria of Rhetzius indicate?
Two theories 1) Weekly Rhyth 2) Timing of cohorts in ameloblast differentiation during development
57
Neonatal line def
Most accentuated Stria of Retzius
58
What does Neonatal Line reflect?
Physiologic Changes during birth
59
Where is neonatal line found?
In all primary teeth | sometimes cusps of permanent molars
60
Where are perikymata visible?
On enamel Surface
61
What are perikymata
Surface manifestations of stria of retzius
62
Describe Perikymata, the way they look
Shallow furrows where stria intersect surface
63
Where do stria of retries appear best?
longitudinal sections
64
Cross Striations look like what?
Visible bands in ground sections that are close together
65
Which way do cross striations run?
At a right angle to the rod direction
66
Whats the distance bw cross striations?
Same distance as enamel growth rate
67
What do cross striations indicate?
Cyclical variations in rods

Oral Biology 2 (8 decks)

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