Pharmacology slide 2 Flashcards
What are the 8 rights of drug administration
Right:
- patient
- drug
- dose
- route
- time
- expiry date
- documentation
- to refuse
What is meant by paramedics provide treatments autonomously
w/o needing to have a physician confirm the administration
- based on pre-determined medical directives
- Medical director will determine which medications you will use and by what routes
define Aseptic
condition free of pathogens
define Sterile
free of all forms of life
define Medically Clean
involves careful handling to prevent contamination
how to handle needles / precautions
- minimize the tasks performed in a moving ambulance
- immediately dispose of used sharps in a sharps container
- recap needles only as a last resort
What info must be documented when administering a medication
- indication for drug administration
- dosage and route delivered
- pt response to the medication (both positive and negative)
What is transdermal administration
absorbed through the skin at a slow steady rate
what isl method to administer transdermal med
- BSI
- clean administration site
- apply med
- leave medication in place for required time. monitor pt for desirable or adverse effects
What are medication sites for mucous membrane administration
- tongue
- cheek
- eye
- nose
- ear
- absorbed through mucous membrane at a moderate to rapid rate
intranasal administration method
- draw med into a syringe using a blunt tip needle
- detach and discard blunt tip into sharps container
- attach mucosal atomizer to syringe
- insert atomizer tip into nostril, while occluding the other side
- firmly press on plunger to inject 1/2 of the volume
- switch to the other nostril and repeat with remaining 1/2
Sublingual method of administration
- appropriate BSI
- confirm indication, med, dose, rate, exp.
- have pt lift tongue towards top and back of his oral cavity
- place the pill or direct spray btw the underside of the tongue and floor of the oral cavity
- monitor the pt for desirable or undesirable effects
What are the mechanisms to administer pulmonary drugs
- meds are administered via inhalation or injection
- Nebulizer
- Metered dose inhaler
- Endotracheal tube
What meds can be given by endotracheal tube
- Naloxone
- Atropine
- Ventolin
- Epinephrine
- Lidocaine
What are routes of administration of enteral drug administration
- delivery of any med that is absorbed through GI tract
- Oral
- Gastric tube
- Rectal
Notes for oral drug admin
-make sure pt has adequate LOC to prevent aspiration
9 oral drug forms
-capsules
-tablets
-pills
-elixirs
-emulsions
-lozenges
-suspensions
-syrups
enteric coated/ time release capsules and tablets
Name 6 equipment’s used for oral administration
- soufflé cup
- medicine cup
- medicine dropper
- teaspoon
- oral syringe
- nipple
method of administering oral meds
- BSI
- note if give w or w/o food
- gather necessary equipment\
- have pt sit upright when not contraindicated
- put med in pt mouth. allow self-admin; assis0t when needed.
- follow with 4-8 ounces of water and ensure that pt has swallowed the med
What are the 2 gastric tubes
- orogastric
- nasogastric
Why are some meds given rectally
- rectum is very vascularized so promotes rapid drug absorption
- meds do not go through liver so not subject to hepatic alteration
What is parenteral drug administration
- outside of the GI tract
- usually involves a needle
- generally more rapid
5 kinds of parenteral drug containers
- glass ampules
- single and multidose vials
- nonconstituted syringes
- prefilled syringes
- IV medication fluids
what info is on drug labels
- name of med
- expiration date
- total dose and concentration
