Pharmacology of Poisoning

Question 1

3 Drugs given for poisoned patient with CNS dysfunction

Answer 1

Dextrose, Naloxone, and Thiamine

Question 2

Two beneficial substances/techniques for treating poisons

Answer 2

Activated Charcoal and Whole-Bowel Irrigation

- Note: obviously it doesn’t work if the poison comes in through the skin, instead of orally.

Question 3

Tx for salicylate (aspirin) overdose

Answer 3

Ion trapping via alkalinization of urine: hemodialysis or charcoal hemoperfusion.

Question 4

Activated Charcoal: What does “activating” it do?

Answer 4

Increase Surface Area

Question 5

Activated Charcoal: When should it be administered

Answer 5

within one hour of ingestion

Question 6

Activated Charcoal: What are the adverse effects

Answer 6

Nausea/Vomiting and Aspiration

Question 7

Activated Charcoal: Effects of Multiple Doses of Activated Charcoal

Answer 7

• Interruptions of enterohepatic recirculation

- GI dialysis: Pulls toxins from the bloodstream back into the intraluminal space.

Question 8

Activated Charcoal: Does not work well on…

Answer 8

hydrocarbons and alcohol

Question 9

Whole Bowel Irrigation: Therapeutic Uses and what does it use

Answer 9

Verapamil (highly toxic, extended-release preparation), Metals, and drug packers.

• Polyethylene glycol-based solution

Question 10

Ion Trapping: therapeutic Use

Answer 10

salicylate (aspirin) overdose

Question 11

Ion Trapping: What does it use and what is the goal?

Answer 11

Sodium Bicarbonate -> goal is pH of 7.5 - 8