Pharmacology /NursingNeurological Medications: Parkinson's Flashcards
What is the primary neurotransmitter affected in Parkinson’s disease?
Dopamine
True or False: Levodopa is a precursor to dopamine used in Parkinson’s treatment.
True
Fill in the blank: The combination of levodopa and __________ is commonly used to enhance its effectiveness.
carbidopa
What class of medications includes drugs like pramipexole and ropinirole?
Dopamine agonists
What is one major adverse effect of levodopa?
Dyskinesia
Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a common medication for Parkinson’s disease? A) Levodopa B) Fluoxetine C) Pramipexole D) Entacapone
B) Fluoxetine
What is the role of COMT inhibitors like entacapone in Parkinson’s treatment?
To prolong the effect of levodopa by inhibiting its breakdown.
True or False: Anticholinergic medications are primarily used to treat tremors in Parkinson’s disease.
True
What is the mechanism of action of MAO-B inhibitors like selegiline?
They inhibit the monoamine oxidase B enzyme, which breaks down dopamine.
Fill in the blank: ___________ is a surgical option for advanced Parkinson’s disease that involves implanting a device to stimulate brain regions.
Deep brain stimulation
What is a common side effect associated with dopamine agonists?
Nausea
Multiple choice: Which medication is specifically designed to manage ‘off’ episodes in Parkinson’s disease? A) Amantadine B) Apomorphine C) Benztropine D) Selegiline
B) Apomorphine
True or False: Parkinson’s disease medications can lead to impulse control disorders.
True
What is the primary use of amantadine in Parkinson’s disease?
To reduce dyskinesia and improve motor symptoms.
Fill in the blank: The onset of motor fluctuations in Parkinson’s disease is often associated with ___________ therapy.
long-term levodopa
What is the term for involuntary muscle movements caused by long-term use of levodopa?
Dyskinesia
Multiple choice: Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of MAO-B inhibitors? A) Hypertension B) Weight gain C) Dry mouth D) Constipation
A) Hypertension
What is the purpose of using adjunct therapies in Parkinson’s treatment?
To manage symptoms and side effects not controlled by primary medications.
True or False: All patients with Parkinson’s disease will eventually require levodopa therapy.
False
What is a significant risk when combining certain Parkinson’s medications with antidepressants?
Serotonin syndrome
Fill in the blank: ___________ is an anticholinergic medication used to help control tremors in Parkinson’s disease.
Benztropine
What type of medication is used to enhance the effects of levodopa and reduce its side effects?
Carbidopa
Multiple choice: Which of the following is an adverse effect of anticholinergic medications? A) Sedation B) Hyperactivity C) Diarrhea D) Tremors
A) Sedation
What is the primary goal of Parkinson’s disease medication therapy?
To improve quality of life by managing symptoms.
